三星音箱ps—wc450说明书 | 三星低音音箱ps_wc450

1. 三星音箱ps—wc450说明书

羽毛球是一项隔着球网，使用长柄网状球拍击打用羽毛和软木制作而成的一种小型球类的室内运动项目。羽毛球比赛在长方形的场地上进行，场地中间有网相隔，双方运用各种发球、击球和移动等技战术。

开始前技巧

运前热身

最基础的热身包括头部、颈部、肩膀、腰、大腿、膝关节、脚踝、手腕等部位的热身活动，稍微扩充一些则可以增加比如小碎步、并脚前后跳、左右前后蹲胯等； 现在基础热身后，可以找球友先平抽、放网、高远球 10-30分钟不等；而不是上来就直接拉高远球。 给身体10-30分钟缓冲、准备、预热的时间，可以大大地降低受伤可能。

拉伸是因为在打球过程中，烈的运动会让肌肉、关节、以及我们平时说的“筋”都处于一种相对紧张、紧绷的状态； 这时通过6-10分钟左右舒缓的动作，拉伸一下，也可以 减少受伤的概率。

颠球练习

颠球练习是一个非常好的锻炼空间感觉的一个练习。不要小看这个练习，很多爱好者都无法将球颠在自己想要的位置。练习的要求为：连续颠球五十个以上并且要控制羽毛球在自己身体的周围。

准备姿势

右脚在前，左脚在后，击球时左脚燈右脚向前跨身体向前探。

正手颠球

颠球步骤：右手向前伸出时前臂做外旋动作，拍头向右向下做回环动作使球拍拍头向下，手腕展开。击球时前臂做内旋动作同时手腕做内旋并发力击球。 容易错误的动作：手腕没有发力动作，前臂做曲肘动作或以肩关节为轴直臂向上做端送动作。

反手颠球

颠球步骤：右手向前伸出时前臂做内旋动作，拍头向左向下做回环动作使球拍拍头向下，肘向前送出，前臂自然摆向左下。击球时以肘为轴前臂做外旋动作同时手腕做外旋向前送出，并发力击球。

颠球也可以分循序渐进的几个阶段：

1、颠高球，保证一次颠球达50次或者更多；

2、颠球高度降低，保持比较一致的高度，不要忽高忽低，５０次及以上；

3、颠球时候脚步尽量少移动，用拍面控球在小范围内，５０次及以上；

4、不移动颠球，全靠拍面和力量控制；

5、在颠球中间加入搓球。

容易错误的动作：握拍没有转换还是正手握拍，肘部没有送出，击球时肘部下沉产生产生撬球的动作，拍头没有向前送出击球点离身体太近。

挥拍练习

挥拍练习是个重复机械的过程，达到的效果就是要让我们的身体肌肉产生记忆，这样才能保证每一次击球都能够是正确的动作，也就是能够保证击球点和发力的正确性。初学者建议每天至少练习上手击球动作100个以上。

挥拍时拍面朝前，拍面面对网小臂与大臂呈90度直角，手腕一定要竖起来。然后非持拍手要抬高点，要比右边的手臂高一点，挥拍的时候身体和手肘一起转身，转身的时候手肘是自然的放在侧面抬起，手臂、手腕是不发力的，要保持放松的状态，球拍也会自然的向后倒。

小臂内旋发力击球，最后球拍在接触球的瞬间握紧球拍，击球后球拍自然的放在你的异侧，千万不要把球拍放在你的同侧。

初学者在无法理解小臂内旋发力之前，可先大臂带动小臂向前加速挥拍击球即可。

击球练习

击球练习可以让教练喂球给学员，学员摆好正确的姿势进行击球。还有一种方法就是用线吊着羽毛球，把高度调整到球员能够击球的最高点的位置 。

在羽毛球运动中，除了步法，动作之外，击球点的选择，也会直接影响到回球质量。有时候，你能感觉到自己的回球柔弱无力，或者明明能过网的球却没过，或者原本可以杀球的，却很别扭，这都可能与你的击球点有关。

击球点靠前，一般是指击球点在身体之前，属于主动迎球。这种击球点适应于：平抽、平推、吊球、扑球、杀球等多种情形下。这样击出的球，会具备回球距离短，击球速度快，力量大，击球角度灵活等特点。

在身体前方最高位置击球，属于高位击球点，这种击球也属于主动迎球，最常用于：杀球和高远球。抢制高点击球，会让回球更具有攻击力。特别是杀球，击球点越高，球路与平面的夹角越大，速度越快，对手就更难接球，必须被动挑高球来回球。

低位一般是指：击球点太接近地面。一般是对方的杀球，或者是对方的勾对角和搓球，遇到这种情况，你的回球只能是挑高球。属于典型的被动回球，在双打的防守中经常遇到这种情况。

要根据对方的回球动作，提前判断球路并准备启动。争取判断准、起动快，能为步法快速移动创造条件。

对墙抽球

对墙抽球也是一个很好的练习空间感觉的方法，因为要判断球打到墙后反弹的位置。注意练习的过程中一定要保持握拍的正确性。

1、平抽发力，发力方向

由于羽毛球特性，墙的回弹路线都是快速往下走，比网球，乒乓都落的快，只是看训练者出球力道，给多一点，回弹相对下落慢些，大多练抽墙是下手位的摆脱，包括接杀，和平抽的发力训练特别有效；抽墙过程中持续保持力线向前，加力，才可以保证球的飞行平稳，接触墙回弹利落，可预判。

2、准确性

羽毛球球头的不规则性，导致了抽墙练习不像对墙网球和乒乓球一样简单，这迫使训练者也要精确出球，一旦一个球打到拍框，接下来几个球都是被动，所以练习多了会提高手感。

无球跑动

羽毛球由于来回移动非常多，步伐就显得尤为重要，特别是在单打项目上，脚上功夫基本决定了70%的胜负。而区别一般爱好者和业余高手也是在步伐的连贯上。无球跑动的练习不一定局限于在羽毛球场，平时在空地上也能够练习。羽毛球基础的步伐有：并步、垫布、交叉步、蹬跨步等等。每一个基础步伐都需要练习。当掌握了基础的步伐之后我们就可以开始连贯的步伐练习，比如：四方球步伐、后场上网步伐、左右接杀步伐。

定点对抗练习

这项练习可以是两个球员对抗着练习，比如：两点吊两点、后场高远球。此项练习旨在提高出球的稳定性以及准确性。训练时可采取组数也可采取计时的训练，比如：连续吊球50个不下网算一组，每人练3组。需要注意的是每一球打完均需回到起始点（一般为中场位置）。

高球两点打两点（固定线路练习）

手腕手指发力

打羽毛球非常注重手腕和手指的发力，主要原因是发力动作可以变得很小，不容易让对手察觉到意图。大部分成年男性的力量，只要发力正确，都可以通过手腕和手指的发力来做出需要手臂发力同样效果的球。练习手腕和手指发力可以把球拍举到头顶，用左手抓住右手肘关节，只用手腕和手指往前做发力的动作，如果有器材的话，也可以参考下面的训练动作。

双打的站位

羽毛球左右防守站位并不是每个人刚好半个场，而是接直线球的球员往边线靠，而接斜线球的球员往中间靠。因为直线球速度更快。

1、发球前的站位有前后站位和并排站位，前后站位一般倾向于进攻，发球者在前能及时进攻封网；双打发球发高球情形非常小，基本都是网前球，使用前后站位，无论是对方是放前场和后场都能及时进 攻。

2、如果双打羽毛球中配对两人，一人实力很强，另外一人实力非常差，用前后站位有很大的好处，实力弱的在前方，实力强的人站后方，后方的视线开阔，比站在前面对球做出的反应会及时很多，以此弥补前方弱势的缺点。

3、并排站位一般倾向于防守，一般来说专业比赛很少这么站。

4、羽毛球是一项室内、室外都可以进行的体育运动。依据参与的人数，可以分为单打与双打，及新兴的3打3，羽毛球拍由拍面、拍杆、拍柄及拍框与拍杆的接头构成。

运动时技巧

握拍

学会正确的握拍方法并以此坚持成为一种习惯，才是掌握合理、准确、全面地击球技术的前提条件，从而使得各种击球技术的掌握和技术的进一步提高。

1、握拍法可分为正手握拍和反手握拍法两种。

2、用握拍手手掌同一个朝向的拍面击球叫正手击球，此种握拍方法为正手握拍法。

3、反手握拍则是在正手握拍法的基础上，拍柄稍向外转，食指收回，拇指第二指节贴在拍柄内侧的宽面上，其余四指并拢握住拍柄，手心与拍柄之间应有一个明显的空洞。

4、共同的技术关键是一要放松，二要灵活，都依靠于手腕、手指力量的发挥，手腕灵活转动，拍面朝向灵活调整，才能控制出球路线和球的落点。

正手握拍

1、先用左手拿住球拍杆，使拍面与地面垂直。

2、然后张开右手，使手掌下部靠在球拍打握柄底托。

3、虎口对着球拍柄窄的一面。

4、小指、无名指、中指自然并拢，食指与中指稍稍分开，自然地弯曲并贴在球拍柄上。

5、击球之前，握拍要放松、自然，击球刹那才紧握球拍。

反手握拍

当球打到自己的反手一侧时，就需要变成反手握拍的方式来击球。反手握拍法也是握拍的基本技术之一，同样也有一些灵活的变化以应对不同的技术要求。主要有三种，反手基本握拍法、反手搓球握拍法及反手勾对角握拍法。 当球打到自己的反手一侧时，就需要变成反手握拍的方式来击球。反手握拍法也是握拍的基本技术之一，同样也有一些灵活的变化以应对不同的技术要求。

反手搓球握拍法

在正手握拍的基础上，拇指、食指、中指和无名指稍松开，拍柄离开掌心，同时使球拍向内转，拇指贴在拍柄内侧的上棱上，食指第三关节贴在外侧的下棱边上。

反手基本握拍法

反手的基本握拍姿势是在正手握拍的基础上把球拍框向外转，在右手持拍的情况下就是向右转，拇指前内侧顶在球拍内侧的宽面上，或者是拇指前内侧贴在拍柄的窄棱上。看自己怎么舒服和当时的情况了。食指向其余三指并拢，掌心和拍柄间留一定的空隙，以方便手腕和手指的发力。

反手勾对角握拍法

在正手握拍的基础上，拇指、食指、中指和无名指稍松开，拍柄离开掌心，同时将拍柄向内转动，拇指第二关节的内侧贴在拍柄的上棱边上，食指第二关节贴在拍柄的上宽面上，其余三指自然抓住球拍。

接发球

接发球时应该采取两脚前后站的方法，既左脚在前，右脚在后。两脚距离稍比肩宽，脚跟提起。接发球后的准备动作应该是双脚平行站法，两脚的距离等肩宽，右脚稍前，多于左脚半个脚掌，两脚脚跟微提，随时起动。

接发球手法的运用

在接发球中，要求用相同的手法或不同的手法回接对方发出的各种速度、落点和旋转的球。接发球控制速度可以在来球的上升期、高点期或下降期接触球。

在上升期接发球，可以加快回球的速度，从而缩短对方发球后第二板的准备时间，造成对方抢攻无力或来不及抢攻，这时接发球要特别注意；要控制对方发球的强烈旋转，因为此时是球旋转最强烈的时间。在高点期接发球，球速较前慢了些，并且这时球弹起最高，可以加力回击，提高接发球回球的力量。在下降期接发球，由于发球的旋转大大减弱了，这时回接就容易提高接发球的准确性，同时可以达到以慢制快的效果。总之，善于抓住有利时机，灵活地在对方发球的不同时期回接球，可以提高接发球的主动性。

接发球击球时间的选择

在接发球手法中，快推是在上升期接触球，加力推是在高点期接触球。

快搓是在上升期接触球，慢搓或加转搓球是在高点期或下降期接触球。

在攻球的手法中，快抽是在上升期接触球，扫抽是在高点期接触球，拉抽是在下降期接触球。

前冲弧圈球是在上升期或高点期接触球，加转弧圈球则在下降期接触球。

在削球打法中，近台削球是在高点期或上升后期接触球，远台削球或加转削球是在下降期接触球。

另外，用相同的手法可以灵活地运用不同击球时间来控制对方地速度。如用推挡在上升期接发球，回球速度快；如果在高点球加力推挡，回球力量大；如果在下降前期切、挤，可以使球产生下旋。

控制落点和线路

控制落点，接发球时应有斜、直线和长、短球的落点变化，可以采用逢斜变直，逢直变斜或同线回接，以及逢长变短、逢短变长、同点回接的控制方法。

1、逢斜变直

对方发大角度斜线球到反手后准备侧身抢攻，这时可回直线到对方右角，迫使对方不能发球后抢攻。此时应注意，接发球前手臂和拍形都要顺着对方发球的斜线方向后撤。向前击球时，手臂和拍形再突然改变成直线方向，增加变直线的突然性。

2、逢直变斜

对方发直线球后，接发球可送直线，迫使对方移动较大距离去打第二板造成被动。

这时应注意，接球前手臂和拍形顺着对方发球的直线方向后撤，然后向前击球时，手臂向斜线方向挥动，同时控制拍形朝向斜线方向。

3、同线回接

对方发斜线球或直线球后，根据不同情况，同样回接斜线或直线，使对方不能抢攻。这时应注意，接球前手臂和拍形随来球方向后撤，击球时，再迎着来球方向挥动，拍形不变。

4、逢长变短

对方发长球后准备发力抢攻。接发球时，可用减力挡或搓摆回接成近网短球，使对方不能发力抢攻。

这时，一方面应注意削减对方发球的前冲力，另一方面要控制好自己接发球的前进力。

5、 逢短变长

对方发短球后，可用推挡，搓球或台内挑、拨、拉点等手法接成长球，迫使对方必须后退击球。这时，要力争在来球的高点期接触球，以加强接发球的主动性。同时，要注意手臂伸进台内的过程中，肘关节要抬高，要沿着台面前移，否则，会因拍插不到球下，造成错误的弧线，使接球下网。

6、同点回接

对方发长球后，接发球同样回长球。对方发短球后，可以用轻搓、挡或挑、拨的手法同样回接短球，以达到控制对方的目的。

旋转球的回接方法

对方发球不仅有速度和落点的变化，而且还会带有复杂的旋转变化，如上、下旋球或左、右侧旋球，以及两种旋转球混合在一起的发球。这样在接发球时，就要根据对方发球的各种不同旋转来调整拍形和接触点，以及用力方向和用力大小

1、 接上旋球

用推挡或冲扣接发球时，拍形要前倾，多向前下方用力并根据旋转的强弱来加大或减小拍形前倾和向前用力的程度，用搓球、削球接发球时，要将拍竖起一些多向下用力削。如果要加转削球，可离台远一些再接触球，并且增加向前用力。总之，不论用什么手法都要注意控制住来球的前冲，以免接发球出界。

2、接下旋球

用搓球、削球接发球时，要使拍多后仰一些，多向前用力，并根据来球旋转的强弱增大或减小拍形后仰及向前用力的程度。用反手推挡接发球时，拍形要先后仰，以便接触球的中下部，击球时，前臂外旋用力，同时伸肘，向前上方用力。用冲或拉接发球时，要加力向上挥拍。用扣杀接发球时，要用拉扣结合（先拉后扣）的手法。总之，不论用什么手法，都要控制来球下旋坠力，以免接发球下网。

3、接左侧旋球

不论用什么手法接发球，都要注意控制来球不向球台的右边（指接发球一方）飞出。如接对方发来的直线球，则接发球要使拍接触球的中后部。如接对方发来的斜线球，就要使拍接触球的中部偏右，对方发球的左侧旋越强，拍接触球的部位越要注意偏向右边。用同线回接的方法，准确性较高。若用逢斜变直或逢直变斜的方法，则要注意拍接触球的部位微微向球的左方变换一下，并且要向上拉抽或向下削搓用力加转。还要注意，对方站到球台左角，用正手接左侧旋球时，最好用异线回接，即逢斜变直、逢直变斜的方法接发球。

4、接右侧旋球

同接左侧旋球的方向正相反。接直线球时，接触球的中部偏左，才能使拍控制住球，不向台边飞去。

5、接左侧上旋球和左侧下旋球

接左侧上旋球时，要使拍接触球的偏右中上部，这样，在控制了左侧旋转力的同时，又控制了球的前冲力。接左侧下旋球，要使拍接触球的偏右中下部，这样，在控制了左侧旋转球力的同时，又控制了发球的下旋坠力。

6、接右侧上旋球或右侧下旋球

回接右侧上、下旋发球时，要使拍接触球的偏左中上部或偏左中下部。这样，在控制了右侧旋转力的同时，也控制了上旋（或下旋）力。

高远球

高远球定义

高远球是以较高的弧线将来球击到对方场区底线附近的球。击高远球是一切上手击球动作的基础。分为正手击高远球;反手击高远球;头顶高远球。

高远球的出球角度在40度左右，到达最高点后基本没有向前的运动，几乎垂直落下。以羽毛球场地长13.40米计算，实际最高点应该在8米以上。

高远球特点

是球的弧线高、滞空时间长，它的作用是逼迫对方远离中心位置退到底线去接球，一方面可减弱对方进攻的威力，为我方进攻寻找机会，另一方面在己方被动情况下，有较多的时间来调整站位，摆脱被动局面。

注意事项

1、面向球网站立，左脚向前，右脚60度向前。 重心在右脚。左手轻捏球托上部（毛根）。 平举胸前。右手曲肘，自然握拍。斜向右前下方。

2、右手拍以肩带臂向后划弧至后下方，略侧后转身。

3、右手拍自后向前以肩为轴运动，贴近腿侧。重心移至左脚。身转向前。

4、左手放松，球自然下落。右手稍外翻。 右脚加力，右臂向前上方挥动击球。 瞬间抓紧球拍，小臂肌肉收缩，手腕回扣， 爆发力要强。

5、击球后，右手自然向左肩上挥动。 注意一定要用脚、腿、转身、大臂，小臂，腕的联动。

常见错误

1、放球与挥拍没有很好地配合，显得动作不协调。

2、击球点离身体太近，影响了正确的挥拍动作。

3、放球时带有上抛动作，使球不能平稳下落，从而影响了击球的稳定性。

4、击球前握拍太紧，动作僵硬，从而影响前臂、手腕和手指的发力，不但造成不能轻松舒展地将球又高又远地击出。而且，也必然破坏了动作的一致性。

5、发球球后，球拍未随势挥至身体的左上方，而是挥向右肩上方。

架拍

架拍时，两脚与肩同宽，侧身对网自然举起双手，腰要挺直，重心在右脚，左脚点地。

架拍，左手指向来球（非持拍手的平衡至关重要），重心落在右脚上。

引拍

重心在右脚上，膝盖微屈，重心微降，右臂后引，右前臂自然后摆，手腕尽量后伸，胸舒展。这里有几个要点：

①. 高远球正确的引拍时机应是球头向下坠落时开始引拍，同时重心降低；

②. 最大限度增加引拍距离和引拍速度；击球前，肩部、胸部一定要放松拉开；大臂充分后伸；

③. 引拍时，小臂要外旋。

引拍时，要尽量靠后伸，才能保证挥拍时加速的距离更长。

步伐

以右手持拍为例，凡是在身体右侧的击球，以及头顶中、后场击球都应该属于正手。而正手击球后退步法有交叉步、并步和跨步三种，在实践中可以单独使用，更多的是结合着使用。

步骤：

①判断球的位置和自己的距离；

②启动步（也叫小跳步，以后会专门写这一块）之后，右脚先向后一小步；

③然后左脚从右脚后面交叉/左脚向右脚并一步/左右脚同时蹬地，右脚向后大跨一步；

④右脚跨出一大步，达到击球位置；

⑤右脚落地之后蹬地，高点击球；

⑥回位。

发力方式

①. 靠绝对力量抡胳膊去打，这种有可能打到后场，但打不出高而远的境界，易出界不易控制；业余球友普遍力量不足，又没有单纯的力量训练，很难用到这一种；

②. 技巧发力，轻松到后场的法宝。

打高远球发力，要凑够身体上四部分的力量，从下到上依次推进：

A. 蹬地发力 依靠微微起跳蹬地，给予身体的力，向上传导；

B. 腰腹发力 依靠侧身，借助腰腹的力量，同时叠加蹬地的力，继续向上传导至手臂；

C. 手臂发力 依靠快速挥拍带的力量，加上内旋的发力，使力量继续向上传导；

D. 手上发力 依靠制动和屈指发力，打出爆发力；

通过以上的层层叠加力量，把身体内的力量“甩”出来，平时练习挥拍时，应该多多体会这种发力方式。

步法　

对于打羽毛球的基础练习，步法是非常重要的，因为打羽毛球的时候，要求身形灵活，速度敏捷，这样才能更稳的接住球，打出更好的成绩。

跨步

指向击球点迈出较大步幅的移动方法。通常在上网步法的最后一步时使用。

两侧蹬跨步 通常在对方来球速度较快，落点比较偏内时运用较多。向右侧蹬跨步时，身体重心先移至左脚上，随即左腿迅速用力蹬伸，在右腿向右侧跨出的同时，髋关节旋外，落地后成侧弓箭步状。击球后，右腿随即旋内蹬伸回动。向左侧蹬跨步则相反而行。

垫步

在移动到最后一步，与击球点尚有较短的一段距离时，用另一脚再加一小步的移动方法。这一种步法比较轻捷、灵巧，不但能使移动的步数比较经济，而且，还能保持移动中身体重心的稳定和有利于协助击球动作的完成。

并步

离击球点方向远侧的一个脚，向前一个脚垫一小步，同时前脚在其尚未落地时，又马上向前跨出的一种移动方法。这种步法较多地运用在上网、接杀球和正手后退突击扣杀时。 并步右侧移动步法 从起动开始，身体侧向右侧，身体重心移向右脚，左脚向右脚并步靠拢，并以前脚掌着地向右侧蹬伸，右脚在左脚并步未落地时，髋关节旋外后向右侧跨出一大步，落地时脚尖朝向右侧方向。击球后，右腿随即再旋内蹬伸回动。这种步法，通常在对方来球距边线较近时运用。

交叉步

侧对击球点方向，两脚采用前、后交叉的移动方法。这种步法的步幅较大，移动中身体重心比较稳定。

左侧前交叉移动步法：

起动时，左脚先向左侧迈一小步，随即以左脚为轴，身体左转，右脚向左侧跨一大步，呈背对球网姿势击球。击球后，右腿迅速蹬伸右转体还原成面对球网姿势，并利用左脚并步调整身体重心和回动。这种步法与并步一样，通常在对方来球距边线较近时运用。

特点：

单步的移动步幅大，因此多适用于长距离的移动，如中场到后场的后退步法和从前场到后场或从后场到前场的移动。无论是主动情况下还是从后场击球结束转身，只要四个交叉步就可以到达网前，如果用并步，那就太多了，也很慢。

注意：

1、交叉步移动时要尽可能地大步移动，这样才能体现交叉步的优势和速度所在。

2、并步则是根据击球点的需要，灵活调整移动时的步幅，达到既要快速又要平顺、轻松。

蹬跳步

在移动到最后一步时，采用单脚或双脚起跳击球的一种移动方法。如网前扑球时，为加快速度抢点击球，后脚用力蹬伸，前脚呈弓步前跃；在后场突击扣杀时，先转体用垫步或并步移动，最后一步再用单脚或双脚起跳扣杀。使用这种步法，要求协调性好，弹跳力强，在击球后还要善于控制自己的身体重心，以便连贯好下一拍的击球。

网前球

网前球指的是运动员将对方击到本方中、前场的球，用拍面轻击球托的底部，使球直线越过球网落在对方近网区域的一种击球技术方法。

实战中，如果运用得当，往往可以起到充分拉开对方前后场移动的范围，和有效地控制前场迫使对方只能挑后场高球，从而为自己创造有利进攻得分的机会。

击球要领：必须松握球拍，用力不宜过大，当对方来球速度较快的时候，应注重体会和掌握好击球时的缓冲动作，以达到精确地控制击球的力量，同时还必须根据击球点与球网之间相处的远近、高低关系，准确地调整好自己击球的拍面。

否则，力量太小，或拍面后仰不够，回球就容易下网。反之，又容易形成球过网时太高而遭对方扑杀，或回球太远，不但难以达到充分调动对方的目的，反而极有可能使自己处于被动的局面。

推球

推球是羽毛球网前技术中的一种进攻型技术，运用得当，使对方陷入被动，你则找准机会进行进攻。

正手推球

推直线：站在网前，当球飞过来，球拍向右侧前上举。在肘关节微屈回收时，小臂稍外旋，手腕稍后伸，球拍也随着往右稍下后摆，拍面正对来球。小指和无名指稍松开，使拍柄稍离开手掌鱼际肌。拇指和食指稍向外捻动拍柄，拍面更为后仰。

推对角线：推对角线技术的准备姿势和击球前动作与推直线相同,但是击球时击球点在右肩前,要推击球托的右侧后部,使球沿对角线方向飞去.这时,手腕控制拍面角度,闪腕时手臂不要完全伸直。

反手推球

反手推直线球： 在网前较高的击球点上，以反手握拍法，用椎击的方法向对方底线击出弧度较平，速度较快的球.其击球动作是: 用反手握拍法，前臂伸时稍外旋，手腕由外展至伸直闪腕，中指、无名指和小指突然握紧拍柄，拇指顶压球拍，往前挥拍，推击球托的左侧面。

反手推对角线：在网前较高的击球动作基本与推直线相同，区别点是在击球一刹那要急速向右前方挥拍，推击球的左侧后部，使球沿对角线方向飞行。

羽毛球网前推球注意要点：

1、抢高点击球。（击球点尽量和网平行，或比网高，推出去的球弧度越低越好）

2、击球动作越小越好。（动作越小击球的隐蔽性就越好，之前讲扑球技术时候的要点，尽早的伸出球拍来迎球，然后先向后小幅度挥动球拍再击球。）

勾球

勾球是把在本方右（左）边的网前球击到对方左（右）边网前去的技术动作。勾球分正手和反手两种。

正手勾球

用并步加蹬跨步上右网前。球拍随前臂往右前斜上举。在前臂前伸时稍有外旋，手腕微后伸，握拍 手将拍柄稍向外捻动，使拇指贴在拍柄的宽面上，食指的第二指关节贴在拍柄背面的宽面上，拍柄不触掌心。球拍 随着向右侧前挥动，拍面朝着对方右网前。击球时，靠前臂稍有内旋往左拉收，手腕由稍后伸至内收闪腕，挥拍拨 击球托的右侧下部，使球向对方网前掠网坠落。击球后，球拍回收至右肩前。

反手勾球

站在左网前，反手握拍前平举。在身体前移的过程中，球拍随手臂下沉至离网顶20厘米处，握拍 变成反拍勾球握拍法，拍面正对来球。当来球过网时，肘部突然下沉、同时前臂 稍外旋，手腕稍屈至后伸闪腕，拇指内侧和中指把拍柄往右侧一拉，其他手指突然握紧拍柄，拨击球托的左侧后部，使球沿对角线飞越过网。击球后，球拍往右侧前回收 。

撮球

在羽毛球中，搓球是网前的基本技术之一，是用球拍搓击球的左或右侧下部与球托底部， 使球向右侧或左侧旋转与翻滚过网。

动作提要

1、搓球技术可分为收搓和展搓。

2、收搓主要是切击球托侧面使球产生旋转，速度较快、过网高度低。

3、展搓主要是切击球托正面，并同时给球托一点点稍微向上的力度，球的最高点在我方一侧，一过网袋就迅速下坠，威胁非常大。

4、步伐要点：上网要快，抢到的点越高，搓出来的球质量越高。

5、完成搓球动作后，右脚在前，左脚在后（右手持拍为例），随时准备封网、扑球，如果对手挑后场高球，则用右脚蹬地，迅速回动。

（反手搓球运用）

技术分析

搓球最是考验一个羽毛球选手的技术水平，是羽毛球里最具技术和最有战术意义的动作。羽毛球搓球技术属于小发力动作，对球拍的控制要求很高，羽毛球赛场上若是你能熟练使用搓球技术，绝对能完爆你的对手。

动作演示

1、握拍要放松

（正手放松握拍）

（正手捏紧握拍，让拍头翘起来）

（反手放松握拍）

（反手捏紧球拍，让拍头翘起来）

搓球的优势

一旦你的搓球质量高，对手的回球受迫于你的前场压制和球网角度的限制只能在很被动的情况下起球，你轻松得分的几率大增。

注意事项

当然，想要打好羽毛球光练好技术还不够，羽毛球是一项非常综合的运动，力量、速度、体力、意识、技术缺一不可。平常体能方面的练习可以尝试中长距离的变速跑。手腕爆发力方面可以多练习跳绳的双摇。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"羽毛球是一项隔着球网，使用长柄网状球拍击打用羽毛和软木制作而成的一种小型球类的室内运动项目。羽毛球比赛在长方形的场地上进行，场地中间有网相隔，双方运用各种发球、击球和移动等技战术。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmGG88iWWMWYgqEdG0s4yKf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"开始前技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKwiU6I2Ucu4Qkz0KXJ5Ynd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"运前热身","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOGwMuICKc228Oxv62szFjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最基础的热身包括头部、颈部、肩膀、腰、大腿、膝关节、脚踝、手腕等部位的热身活动，稍微扩充一些则可以增加比如小碎步、并脚前后跳、左右前后蹲胯等； 现在基础热身后，可以找球友先平抽、放网、高远球 10-30分钟不等；而不是上来就直接拉高远球。 给身体10-30分钟缓冲、准备、预热的时间，可以大大地降低受伤可能。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEuYkKA6QiAwwgr78ABsVsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拉伸是因为在打球过程中，烈的运动会让肌肉、关节、以及我们平时说的“筋”都处于一种相对紧张、紧绷的状态； 这时通过6-10分钟左右舒缓的动作，拉伸一下，也可以 减少受伤的概率。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneiy8KgweEkYach3WzQEFq1"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"颠球练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Y2GI6sY6OcMkFX0CW6NQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"颠球练习是一个非常好的锻炼空间感觉的一个练习。不要小看这个练习，很多爱好者都无法将球颠在自己想要的位置。练习的要求为：连续颠球五十个以上并且要控制羽毛球在自己身体的周围。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGUIWSaKYgco6C0BMvElXjf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":315,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"颠球练习","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d82b5a2397b84b3c84c280f177f9dc4e","width":560},"text":"","id":"doxcn2CI8GGCm00YckpRnrDJ2xh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"准备姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqAssgwQIeq8osJ9JsNXi8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"右脚在前，左脚在后，击球时左脚燈右脚向前跨身体向前探。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwikuyWI8y2Y2YfFXW5FW6b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正手颠球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGOSCMGmA2sOYWCuQ8oBXqf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"颠球步骤：右手向前伸出时前臂做外旋动作，拍头向右向下做回环动作使球拍拍头向下，手腕展开。击球时前臂做内旋动作同时手腕做内旋并发力击球。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"容易错误的动作：手腕没有发力动作，前臂做曲肘动作或以肩关节为轴直臂向上做端送动作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuaKQEo6MC4OKIJ1QZMJ7Qc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"正手颠球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/842238a09eb942f3993f9144587d449d","width":250},"text":"","id":"doxcnAokqEYsiawS8dCTeTIWRrk"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手颠球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8Y6Au6aagsAkYzq4wqAkwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"颠球步骤：右手向前伸出时前臂做内旋动作，拍头向左向下做回环动作使球拍拍头向下，肘向前送出，前臂自然摆向左下。击球时以肘为轴前臂做外旋动作同时手腕做外旋向前送出，并发力击球。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEuwyeWs4sqoiYnSR90MwXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"颠球也可以分循序渐进的几个阶段：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4ewaKmgiUkCSyWq4Mkm3rd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、颠高球，保证一次颠球达50次或者更多；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneOqgq22OUOIy4OGdGOR1we"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、颠球高度降低，保持比较一致的高度，不要忽高忽低，５０次及以上；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8QYoG8CqS4uSQHmdfAahgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、颠球时候脚步尽量少移动，用拍面控球在小范围内，５０次及以上；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnASCi2WOEmq42I5SxTAMjef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、不移动颠球，全靠拍面和力量控制；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAckecO8okgqkq0KS3roIsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、在颠球中间加入搓球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYyg4y6Ok4c4AA5Bt7AGdDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"容易错误的动作：握拍没有转换还是正手握拍，肘部没有送出，击球时肘部下沉产生产生撬球的动作，拍头没有向前送出击球点离身体太近。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny0q2k28KIoy6I58YdAmvOd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":315,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手颠球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/764d9d47bc3d4bcc80dda06e4d5424e5","width":560},"text":"","id":"doxcnGyqoq0YWYAGoOcTW5CMhXd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"挥拍练习 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniiM2GW2iOaKA2b7qf4g6Ih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"挥拍练习是个重复机械的过程，达到的效果就是要让我们的身体肌肉产生记忆，这样才能保证每一次击球都能够是正确的动作，也就是能够保证击球点和发力的正确性。初学者建议每天至少练习上手击球动作100个以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQo2QCa8Ymso2MV7PdtwzZQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"挥拍时拍面朝前，拍面面对网小臂与大臂呈90度直角，手腕一定要竖起来。然后非持拍手要抬高点，要比右边的手臂高一点，挥拍的时候身体和手肘一起转身，转身的时候手肘是自然的放在侧面抬起，手臂、手腕是不发力的，要保持放松的状态，球拍也会自然的向后倒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmSEeA028KUykQtlni78mve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小臂内旋发力击球，最后球拍在接触球的瞬间握紧球拍，击球后球拍自然的放在你的异侧，千万不要把球拍放在你的同侧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4MOeKMG2UEMcIpv5nIj8Qd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者在无法理解小臂内旋发力之前，可先大臂带动小臂向前加速挥拍击球即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI64Om4AisQsXUbAuMfBMyl"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":315,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"挥拍练习 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/21ab4754b93d456fab0ea41841ca41c1","width":560},"text":"","id":"doxcnmE8gs6EMemMgklxq7HhrPc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"击球练习 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSKeqwSSSsoSOkjOGIjByKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"击球练习可以让教练喂球给学员，学员摆好正确的姿势进行击球。还有一种方法就是用线吊着羽毛球，把高度调整到球员能够击球的最高点的位置 。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkoKmugKSywgKYhDtfsMAig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在羽毛球运动中，除了步法，动作之外，击球点的选择，也会直接影响到回球质量。有时候，你能感觉到自己的回球柔弱无力，或者明明能过网的球却没过，或者原本可以杀球的，却很别扭，这都可能与你的击球点有关。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMWWoyUk8EcAuwjTHUSmYSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"击球点靠前，一般是指击球点在身体之前，属于主动迎球。这种击球点适应于：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"平抽、平推、吊球、扑球、杀球等多种情形下。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"这样击出的球，会具备回球距离短，击球速度快，力量大，击球角度灵活等特点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYwAgQKUI06QG0o2sPBrf2h"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在身体前方最高位置击球，属于高位击球点，这种击球也属于主动迎球，最常用于：杀球和高远球。抢制高点击球，会让回球更具有攻击力。特别是杀球，击球点越高，球路与平面的夹角越大，速度越快，对手就更难接球，必须被动挑高球来回球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6y66kQMus6w4usCETZt7Wg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"低位一般是指：击球点太接近地面。一般是对方的杀球，或者是对方的勾对角和搓球，遇到这种情况，你的回球只能是挑高球。属于典型的被动回球，在双打的防守中经常遇到这种情况。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI8ieagcwECkcKKp9HN728d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要根据对方的回球动作，提前判断球路并准备启动。争取判断准、起动快，能为步法快速移动创造条件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncyMw8c2S2AOEaoHd0XmcVf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":225,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"击球练习 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f79b336c0e774debb559f71fabf0eeb5","width":400},"text":"","id":"doxcn02mcGOca8W8a0oapO7DDgc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"对墙抽球 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6sqa8UgcoACKIBg45YSIdc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对墙抽球也是一个很好的练习空间感觉的方法，因为要判断球打到墙后反弹的位置。注意练习的过程中一定要保持握拍的正确性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWgqMSku6sAasi2pOXu2i0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、平抽发力，发力方向","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMYyMcsgkwiqMWaSYMinR7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"由于羽毛球特性，墙的回弹路线都是快速往下走，比网球，乒乓都落的快，只是看训练者出球力道，给多一点，回弹相对下落慢些，大多练抽墙是下手位的摆脱，包括接杀，和平抽的发力训练特别有效；抽墙过程中持续保持力线向前，加力，才可以保证球的飞行平稳，接触墙回弹利落，可预判。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYIYIawkyUIU66pHaOxt4ze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、准确性","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWy6mM6aI08uoCkKsg09Nib"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"羽毛球球头的不规则性，导致了抽墙练习不像对墙网球和乒乓球一样简单，这迫使训练者也要精确出球，一旦一个球打到拍框，接下来几个球都是被动，所以练习多了会提高手感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG64W4QI2ak2WQbEdtzBT7d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"对墙抽球 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0c5dd4fe31474b6dbcf292683e395cfe","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnuKWQSQQc0QiKdMhKUUfByO"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"无球跑动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOkWWCcCMwK8YshBzdpUuic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"羽毛球由于来回移动非常多，步伐就显得尤为重要，特别是在单打项目上，脚上功夫基本决定了70%的胜负。而区别一般爱好者和业余高手也是在步伐的连贯上。无球跑动的练习不一定局限于在羽毛球场，平时在空地上也能够练习。羽毛球基础的步伐有：并步、垫布、交叉步、蹬跨步等等。每一个基础步伐都需要练习。当掌握了基础的步伐之后我们就可以开始连贯的步伐练习，比如：四方球步伐、后场上网步伐、左右接杀步伐。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAyKkgO00EWeakjMaXzKOUa"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":427,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"无球跑动","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/764a0012d2ee47c99de94661136db8cf","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnyCQcioQu8YCSsJbcf8k4Mg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"定点对抗练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2mUwUKCi2YQK2kO5k3FCkF"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这项练习可以是两个球员对抗着练习，比如：两点吊两点、后场高远球。此项练习旨在提高出球的稳定性以及准确性。训练时可采取组数也可采取计时的训练，比如：连续吊球50个不下网算一组，每人练3组。需要注意的是每一球打完均需回到起始点（一般为中场位置）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnksEQq8CIe0sE6hHMjJOQyc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":219,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"定点对抗练习","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c5416eb707b14be7b1cee20165d478d1","width":458},"text":"","id":"doxcnu8I8aM0yu2UyG2h0Ew3a4g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高球两点打两点（固定线路练习）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8AYUie6cSQ2QU3QJMMEtPf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"手腕手指发力","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUOSIIk2i2miEKguRGzM40g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打羽毛球非常注重手腕和手指的发力，主要原因是发力动作可以变得很小，不容易让对手察觉到意图。大部分成年男性的力量，只要发力正确，都可以通过手腕和手指的发力来做出需要手臂发力同样效果的球。练习手腕和手指发力可以把球拍举到头顶，用左手抓住右手肘关节，只用手腕和手指往前做发力的动作，如果有器材的话，也可以参考下面的训练动作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQMaKqGECUKSqgh0m0D9M2c"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"手腕手指发力","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/968366f0a4e344c48b60a46b3d06c070","width":303},"text":"","id":"doxcniwwuu0oso8WUC6eKWXQBGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":215,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"手腕手指发力","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8ee1e730af714d539f97b22fc34c8074","width":381},"text":"","id":"doxcnuyaKQa0Si8EWuuptRlHa1g"}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8Q8o82SmiSaU8hw303byTf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双打的站位","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8Q8o82SmiSaU8hw303byTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"羽毛球左右防守站位并不是每个人刚好半个场，而是接直线球的球员往边线靠，而接斜线球的球员往中间靠。因为直线球速度更快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO2OCecWEo8kGS4lbbdSlbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、发球前的站位有前后站位和并排站位，前后站位一般倾向于进攻，发球者在前能及时进攻封网；双打发球发高球情形非常小，基本都是网前球，使用前后站位，无论是对方是放前场和后场都能及时进 攻。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkueYGWQm0Wa8uHXDXXuiS5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果双打羽毛球中配对两人，一人实力很强，另外一人实力非常差，用前后站位有很大的好处，实力弱的在前方，实力强的人站后方，后方的视线开阔，比站在前面对球做出的反应会及时很多，以此弥补前方弱势的缺点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4iMgUsW88oGASccwvn4qGh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、并排站位一般倾向于防守，一般来说专业比赛很少这么站。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuqI0CsYSu2gCyAHZWSS42g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、羽毛球是一项室内、室外都可以进行的体育运动。依据参与的人数，可以分为单打与双打，及新兴的3打3，羽毛球拍由拍面、拍杆、拍柄及拍框与拍杆的接头构成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsYuoIuqqc6QsSZpp4Xf0rb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双打的站位","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/807b0b4da75c4c728e168f5e2a0648d8","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcnUUwsIWWa8WWC2R8ktZdIkh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"运动时技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkM2MMsaAqUsGGYZjbCfz5e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"握拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaeUSOcu26WQyCe2cPV3opb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学会正确的握拍方法并以此坚持成为一种习惯，才是掌握合理、准确、全面地击球技术的前提条件，从而使得各种击球技术的掌握和技术的进一步提高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6Mwe8YgiAOiy6FCSox2yrb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、握拍法可分为","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"正手握拍和反手握拍法两种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyacYQisIcGYaIVF6ZzLvsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、用握拍手手掌同一个朝向的拍面击球叫正手击球，此种握拍方法为正手握拍法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK8EoKayuy0aGQLAX9EMnOf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、反手握拍则是在正手握拍法的基础上，拍柄稍向外转，食指收回，拇指第二指节贴在拍柄内侧的宽面上，其余四指并拢握住拍柄，手心与拍柄之间应有一个明显的空洞。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn46OeGk6gowywe0E9OwoG3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、共同的技术关键是一要放松，二要灵活，都依靠于手腕、手指力量的发挥，手腕灵活转动，拍面朝向灵活调整，才能控制出球路线和球的落点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngk4o8EM62OIwEt2BReurme"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正手握拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEUWYmWKA68iA0DnKKreCPw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、先用左手拿住球拍杆，使拍面与地面垂直。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2OEyoMCmwg8Sj1o86JAaIB"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、然后张开右手，使手掌下部靠在球拍打握柄底托。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMcWcEIc4MckUq0SotroX6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、虎口对着球拍柄窄的一面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnegwyUyEyUYa4OuVGsIgtlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、小指、无名指、中指自然并拢，食指与中指稍稍分开，自然地弯曲并贴在球拍柄上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQemg8ycC8wEASEo5VP6Bre"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、击球之前，握拍要放松、自然，击球刹那才紧握球拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU4Qe0Cwws4SiiU1c3lQEIh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":479,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"正手握拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d82b3b658f24584affb7b5a89651627","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcngWe6cCs2W6WkGqIshKD92e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"正手握拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d1b5053157304f558f72fc4520e8c592","width":502},"text":"","id":"doxcnymECim8sGKMy0EIQyhVFOf"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEiYOeiMgkCCoqKWETyuFec"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手握拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEiYOeiMgkCCoqKWETyuFec"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"当球打到自己的反手一侧时，就需要变成反手握拍的方式来击球。反手握拍法也是握拍的基本技术之一，同样也有一些灵活的变化以应对不同的技术要求。主要有三种，反手基本握拍法、反手搓球握拍法及反手勾对角握拍法。 当球打到自己的反手一侧时，就需要变成反手握拍的方式来击球。反手握拍法也是握拍的基本技术之一，同样也有一些灵活的变化以应对不同的技术要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQEmeg4aiOSCseeBumJw3kd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手搓球握拍法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW2Mm002gaGMCk58PFf8Gef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在正手握拍的基础上，拇指、食指、中指和无名指稍松开，拍柄离开掌心，同时使球拍向内转，拇指贴在拍柄内侧的上棱上，食指第三关节贴在外侧的下棱边上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMs6gSKyiOSKKew8FcxZKbd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":273,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手握拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/645d5a4012414163ba9f5ac037a7b70d","width":492},"text":"","id":"doxcn0cGIWommSQmuSCpNlxiWPc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手基本握拍法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0m4IuSewaw6qEfF3dQCWNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手的基本握拍姿势是在正手握拍的基础上把球拍框向外转，在右手持拍的情况下就是向右转，拇指前内侧顶在球拍内侧的宽面上，或者是拇指前内侧贴在拍柄的窄棱上。看自己怎么舒服和当时的情况了。食指向其余三指并拢，掌心和拍柄间留一定的空隙，以方便手腕和手指的发力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneyI68CqSOK8uaAjbmflsve"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":268,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手握拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/48ab939d7cdd4fd1903c652d6a5d1d4e","width":498},"text":"","id":"doxcn20aGcWW2KUk82JOaNV81Fc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手勾对角握拍法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWYC84WagAOUo4gHxDbpmdd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在正手握拍的基础上，拇指、食指、中指和无名指稍松开，拍柄离开掌心，同时将拍柄向内转动，拇指第二关节的内侧贴在拍柄的上棱边上，食指第二关节贴在拍柄的上宽面上，其余三指自然抓住球拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm0meu68OaySe47V6P4W3yh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":315,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手握拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/475d0fe4dabf4af697cb1fcf542fcf7b","width":560},"text":"","id":"doxcnE4gMmqyUmGuum4NCheAzsf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"接发球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnauoASq6go4kYipuS2QxZcb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"接发球时应该采取两脚前后站的方法，既左脚在前，右脚在后。两脚距离稍比肩宽，脚跟提起。接发球后的准备动作应该是双脚平行站法，两脚的距离等肩宽，右脚稍前，多于左脚半个脚掌，两脚脚跟微提，随时起动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwISeUMqAsWeCSyzsCkUESh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":473,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"接发球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a9aa44afc8a34f6c83a6c0011ebf13c8","width":843},"text":"","id":"doxcne2AUK0M006aG4NvUC081Vf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"接发球手法的运用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwGae4mEskiE60eTANCxcOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在接发球中，要求用相同的手法或不同的手法回接对方发出的各种速度、落点和旋转的球。接发球控制速度可以在来球的上升期、高点期或下降期接触球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW0g8GEGSOU22ygl06ebsue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在上升期接发球，可以加快回球的速度，从而缩短对方发球后第二板的准备时间，造成对方抢攻无力或来不及抢攻，这时接发球要特别注意；要控制对方发球的强烈旋转，因为此时是球旋转最强烈的时间。在高点期接发球，球速较前慢了些，并且这时球弹起最高，可以加力回击，提高接发球回球的力量。在下降期接发球，由于发球的旋转大大减弱了，这时回接就容易提高接发球的准确性，同时可以达到以慢制快的效果。总之，善于抓住有利时机，灵活地在对方发球的不同时期回接球，可以提高接发球的主动性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaywsik0aIaicKkI5llQgXf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"接发球击球时间的选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4oekUWAgeMmO4shTrAU8We"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在接发球手法中，快推是在上升期接触球，加力推是在高点期接触球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIoGq2S4IcIYEcnO9pFAZte"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"快搓是在上升期接触球，慢搓或加转搓球是在高点期或下降期接触球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngKIs44OA26KMgtxzq7mxCD"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在攻球的手法中，快抽是在上升期接触球，扫抽是在高点期接触球，拉抽是在下降期接触球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncci06M8SuqGaqEzBEmvr8f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"前冲弧圈球是在上升期或高点期接触球，加转弧圈球则在下降期接触球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEaWEgCEcWq6wCWpc2xoRof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在削球打法中，近台削球是在高点期或上升后期接触球，远台削球或加转削球是在下降期接触球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoyiMMw8aaQsWmadRYgoHHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"另外，用相同的手法可以灵活地运用不同击球时间来控制对方地速度。如用推挡在上升期接发球，回球速度快；如果在高点球加力推挡，回球力量大；如果在下降前期切、挤，可以使球产生下旋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6c8kQW8oQGGiE5XEqyxeKh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"控制落点和线路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnic6QW40mOeamg9TnFwUsKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"控制落点，接发球时应有斜、直线和长、短球的落点变化，可以采用逢斜变直，逢直变斜或同线回接，以及逢长变短、逢短变长、同点回接的控制方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYO6Y6MSyEa6Ks5CKsGAPqh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、逢斜变直","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCYmwWumeyU0cohq0Oyvg8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发大角度斜线球到反手后准备侧身抢攻，这时可回直线到对方右角，迫使对方不能发球后抢攻。此时应注意，接发球前手臂和拍形都要顺着对方发球的斜线方向后撤。向前击球时，手臂和拍形再突然改变成直线方向，增加变直线的突然性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSgEqo4CyiWmoInWH8Jo6Jf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、逢直变斜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6O6is2ESOi4a8bHMvXDaZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发直线球后，接发球可送直线，迫使对方移动较大距离去打第二板造成被动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneki8QYe6gS4k08FpO3DwKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这时应注意，接球前手臂和拍形顺着对方发球的直线方向后撤，然后向前击球时，手臂向斜线方向挥动，同时控制拍形朝向斜线方向。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngwe22M42Y6ugGOu8A67gog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、同线回接","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngAkIGKQu06IiiSfAdB5Rvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发斜线球或直线球后，根据不同情况，同样回接斜线或直线，使对方不能抢攻。这时应注意，接球前手臂和拍形随来球方向后撤，击球时，再迎着来球方向挥动，拍形不变。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmG4wcQyeeWOcs9AQblcpbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、逢长变短","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns8WQKk64QoqKWk7dajg57f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发长球后准备发力抢攻。接发球时，可用减力挡或搓摆回接成近网短球，使对方不能发力抢攻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQcEuSWM8EoeWKUgNnXDcTc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这时，一方面应注意削减对方发球的前冲力，另一方面要控制好自己接发球的前进力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6kEaqE0o6K0GElGz7B47ub"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、 逢短变长","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWMkmAsCw6ekeOojEmmz20c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发短球后，可用推挡，搓球或台内挑、拨、拉点等手法接成长球，迫使对方必须后退击球。这时，要力争在来球的高点期接触球，以加强接发球的主动性。同时，要注意手臂伸进台内的过程中，肘关节要抬高，要沿着台面前移，否则，会因拍插不到球下，造成错误的弧线，使接球下网。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnImGecQicMQyO23SMDCFfHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、同点回接","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsU86AO2Ec6AWAtrVmTa1Vf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发长球后，接发球同样回长球。对方发短球后，可以用轻搓、挡或挑、拨的手法同样回接短球，以达到控制对方的目的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCKGquW4KM6sA2Z217mnrdf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"旋转球的回接方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncc0UmCcGaOKOWwTIPZtx6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对方发球不仅有速度和落点的变化，而且还会带有复杂的旋转变化，如上、下旋球或左、右侧旋球，以及两种旋转球混合在一起的发球。这样在接发球时，就要根据对方发球的各种不同旋转来调整拍形和接触点，以及用力方向和用力大小","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAekWUI4ayYWgKgw0PQbNUc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、 接上旋球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY8iaw2A2OCEaq2le9COfnf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用推挡或冲扣接发球时，拍形要前倾，多向前下方用力并根据旋转的强弱来加大或减小拍形前倾和向前用力的程度，用搓球、削球接发球时，要将拍竖起一些多向下用力削。如果要加转削球，可离台远一些再接触球，并且增加向前用力。总之，不论用什么手法都要注意控制住来球的前冲，以免接发球出界。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne4CmeqWqSWwc2J8KCxX39c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、接下旋球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQIsiQU6YUACEGGgZ3zRhth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用搓球、削球接发球时，要使拍多后仰一些，多向前用力，并根据来球旋转的强弱增大或减小拍形后仰及向前用力的程度。用反手推挡接发球时，拍形要先后仰，以便接触球的中下部，击球时，前臂外旋用力，同时伸肘，向前上方用力。用冲或拉接发球时，要加力向上挥拍。用扣杀接发球时，要用拉扣结合（先拉后扣）的手法。总之，不论用什么手法，都要控制来球下旋坠力，以免接发球下网。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2CA68sEOAyYAysBUCyGzbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、接左侧旋球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ2wwykGCwKUYUxGHURk0Kd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不论用什么手法接发球，都要注意控制来球不向球台的右边（指接发球一方）飞出。如接对方发来的直线球，则接发球要使拍接触球的中后部。如接对方发来的斜线球，就要使拍接触球的中部偏右，对方发球的左侧旋越强，拍接触球的部位越要注意偏向右边。用同线回接的方法，准确性较高。若用逢斜变直或逢直变斜的方法，则要注意拍接触球的部位微微向球的左方变换一下，并且要向上拉抽或向下削搓用力加转。还要注意，对方站到球台左角，用正手接左侧旋球时，最好用异线回接，即逢斜变直、逢直变斜的方法接发球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncQQ8qESoeYGyIhC5R3VZzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、接右侧旋球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6ssMoMwcmy8kY7drSzeach"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"同接左侧旋球的方向正相反。接直线球时，接触球的中部偏左，才能使拍控制住球，不向台边飞去。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC8ImUUKMS6coOCuDfscEid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、接左侧上旋球和左侧下旋球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKceMCicSgUmgk7bZsMnymg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"接左侧上旋球时，要使拍接触球的偏右中上部，这样，在控制了左侧旋转力的同时，又控制了球的前冲力。接左侧下旋球，要使拍接触球的偏右中下部，这样，在控制了左侧旋转球力的同时，又控制了发球的下旋坠力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmaSwMaOQcGuUaesgG1cwHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、接右侧上旋球或右侧下旋球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSKGQa6AcGQggc7Rxow4kPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"回接右侧上、下旋发球时，要使拍接触球的偏左中上部或偏左中下部。这样，在控制了右侧旋转力的同时，也控制了上旋（或下旋）力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmaIgsaEe86kgL7fSnXh3nd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高远球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2g6qeUKWk2Q8c2oQUKdF1r"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高远球定义","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4uA0MKoaCgqqmqx6HagHEb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高远球是以较高的弧线将来球击到对方场区底线附近的球。击高远球是一切上手击球动作的基础。分为正手击高远球;反手击高远球;头顶高远球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2CySQOUEkU8oC6K2ODArle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高远球的出球角度在40度左右，到达最高点后基本没有向前的运动，几乎垂直落下。以羽毛球场地长13.40米计算，实际最高点应该在8米以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUYaSg2S2koiueY8PoPfX2e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":506,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"高远球定义","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/74c2d4c18e184911ac7dc9594189f386","width":572},"text":"","id":"doxcn66SIQauo4KemEFaEVb7dwh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高远球特点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCkW8Qayg8W4UINfcOJVF4c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"是球的弧线高、滞空时间长，它的作用是逼迫对方远离中心位置退到底线去接球，一方面可减弱对方进攻的威力，为我方进攻寻找机会，另一方面在己方被动情况下，有较多的时间来调整站位，摆脱被动局面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnACuOGCaoesCgS64Z8v9jBf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnscYYEoKEm2KyaABPMibTId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、面向球网站立，左脚向前，右脚60度向前。 重心在右脚。左手轻捏球托上部（毛根）。 平举胸前。右手曲肘，自然握拍。斜向右前下方。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqmW8U6SMw00W4AxBXuUete"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、右手拍以肩带臂向后划弧至后下方，略侧后转身。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQmeiCeGiiWgor3r6HCZbBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、右手拍自后向前以肩为轴运动，贴近腿侧。重心移至左脚。身转向前。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniM82mKiCW0oqsxhhhVMAqI"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、左手放松，球自然下落。右手稍外翻。 右脚加力，右臂向前上方挥动击球。 瞬间抓紧球拍，小臂肌肉收缩，手腕回扣， 爆发力要强。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyUgo8sOaE8S4AdrfTtxXaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、击球后，右手自然向左肩上挥动。 注意一定要用脚、腿、转身、大臂，小臂，腕的联动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng82qw0YGOosmiSuPnMaYQe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":370,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7e01ca7160724b5e9191b98e46e1bd60","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnCECKYyKSoMAespGiVzynAc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"常见错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwWccGyMcGaMKQfEPoz4sfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、放球与挥拍没有很好地配合，显得动作不协调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6isOqGIe8esW8jR8mVLMtf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、击球点离身体太近，影响了正确的挥拍动作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYqW6CY6UASqemCPrtJgITe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、放球时带有上抛动作，使球不能平稳下落，从而影响了击球的稳定性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEQcScYyU6kSMSCDdet7tLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、击球前握拍太紧，动作僵硬，从而影响前臂、手腕和手指的发力，不但造成不能轻松舒展地将球又高又远地击出。而且，也必然破坏了动作的一致性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKUssMgsYMWQAOmAfUywejf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、发球球后，球拍未随势挥至身体的左上方，而是挥向右肩上方。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGMok6gKeOKcUQ3xtlMXFXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnakEAuy2Giy8w2ftBxZmpGf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"架拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnasAgQSwOQIceEvPl08sBSd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"架拍时，两脚与肩同宽，侧身对网自然举起双手，腰要挺直，重心在右脚，左脚点地。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC6IqcKaeOMsEW6xb6axQ3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"架拍，左手指向来球（非持拍手的平衡至关重要），重心落在右脚上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQMcygAa2QscKOk55mDkaRf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":180,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"架拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/75966ad107724fa3a4c0af193a868546","width":320},"text":"","id":"doxcnCOCugsMciequCAABdn97fd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"引拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnusMSIeCIaWqc2LDGaIzEFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"重心在右脚上，膝盖微屈，重心微降，右臂后引，右前臂自然后摆，手腕尽量后伸，胸舒展。这里有几个要点：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCYoYmiY48yw0jvLt0OvQHU"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①. 高远球正确的引拍时机应是球头向下坠落时开始引拍，同时重心降低；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqo2uAkaae4kW0Au4ljgMGf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②. 最大限度增加引拍距离和引拍速度；击球前，肩部、胸部一定要放松拉开；大臂充分后伸；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO2uyqgEM8EyGugKxLJxMyd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③. 引拍时，小臂要外旋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKSEoi2wSeGwg6csM71PPgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"引拍时，要尽量靠后伸，才能保证挥拍时加速的距离更长。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncUYE0S6eE4S8sXmsfyOomg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":230,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"引拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/29dc486f5cef484886ab6293f3fef659","width":408},"text":"","id":"doxcnQuoi8y0KeYaamE8I52gN8B"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"步伐","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO62OyEI6Ee2qMjvbntQJzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以右手持拍为例，凡是在身体右侧的击球，以及头顶中、后场击球都应该属于正手。而正手击球后退步法有交叉步、并步和跨步三种，在实践中可以单独使用，更多的是结合着使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGaIu2y0e4EMSCEOFNTScRd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":155,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"步伐","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5899f6f86f404537b26746e9fcda765c","width":300},"text":"","id":"doxcnocUS4susIKEs4wNasDml8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"步骤：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsa88UqQqccwAY10NX6bu3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①判断球的位置和自己的距离；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn02susC4oIOaUYt91Ak8tJe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②启动步（也叫小跳步，以后会专门写这一块）之后，右脚先向后一小步；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCo2K4IqaMe44e6sTBCSZSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③然后左脚从右脚后面交叉/左脚向右脚并一步/左右脚同时蹬地，右脚向后大跨一步；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngmWyAYMGea6icjoYzPvgxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"④右脚跨出一大步，达到击球位置；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniQUCCOwYaIusGCiKqevXre"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑤右脚落地之后蹬地，高点击球；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniiQq44CqYMiAwnv6dWhYYf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑥回位。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnakKowyMayegKwD7DJOgrnf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发力方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCeE0YWWcSqAcmYmf7a5c3d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①. 靠绝对力量抡胳膊去打，这种有可能打到后场，但打不出高而远的境界，易出界不易控制；业余球友普遍力量不足，又没有单纯的力量训练，很难用到这一种；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn86UwoesakQyI8d0NaNFQOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②. 技巧发力，轻松到后场的法宝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsAw04OwqcQCaisZkAKOA0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打高远球发力，要凑够身体上四部分的力量，从下到上依次推进：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqIaiYsu8MoC6ip7vnFsxLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"A. 蹬地发力 依靠微微起跳蹬地，给予身体的力，向上传导；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnys2sUyY64WwaGg1T6DY52c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"B. 腰腹发力 依靠侧身，借助腰腹的力量，同时叠加蹬地的力，继续向上传导至手臂；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnugS6Qce8iYgme4pUE8AHLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"C. 手臂发力 依靠快速挥拍带的力量，加上内旋的发力，使力量继续向上传导；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniw6C0Wu2Y46EMzNmUNsoFe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"D. 手上发力 依靠制动和屈指发力，打出爆发力；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKuuwmA0kMMywusFEDPPtqc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通过以上的层层叠加力量，把身体内的力量“甩”出来，平时练习挥拍时，应该多多体会这种发力方式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuMqCm6S8caKwch1Uz62Ddf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":315,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"发力方式","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/55833b8145fb4bd5867be624cd5ceb59","width":560},"text":"","id":"doxcnImqK6Gq6g0cOOOHZqcAPnz"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"步法　","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUSsq6MMM6KWotSCsymJQep"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对于打羽毛球的基础练习，步法是非常重要的，因为打羽毛球的时候，要求身形灵活，速度敏捷，这样才能更稳的接住球，打出更好的成绩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAseK64gm0sss0Y0eR4ixWg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"跨步","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn08oci2aSUa4O2tcUBCWMge"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"指向击球点迈出较大步幅的移动方法。通常在上网步法的最后一步时使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKICQ8kqmAaMM4WO5ErYdde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"两侧蹬跨步 通常在对方来球速度较快，落点比较偏内时运用较多。向右侧蹬跨步时，身体重心先移至左脚上，随即左腿迅速用力蹬伸，在右腿向右侧跨出的同时，髋关节旋外，落地后成侧弓箭步状。击球后，右腿随即旋内蹬伸回动。向左侧蹬跨步则相反而行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyUQqAea0egQwH7G72j15f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":450,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"跨步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0c0a8b0aebd44c71a6dec437f0b8d60e","width":377},"text":"","id":"doxcnGEc68AoKCc8Wg32s8wcmsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"垫步","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwSQSYo6c46QQwLFarPTSme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在移动到最后一步，与击球点尚有较短的一段距离时，用另一脚再加一小步的移动方法。这一种步法比较轻捷、灵巧，不但能使移动的步数比较经济，而且，还能保持移动中身体重心的稳定和有利于协助击球动作的完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0E0cCukMAw6kaU1mzy2YPd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"垫步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0070dbc766524918a33a8e6b8a75b956","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcngmoIIOmSmYQsbY8O2Vg5cu"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"并步","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsqUGOIoEO4cumITOvgsnkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"离击球点方向远侧的一个脚，向前一个脚垫一小步，同时前脚在其尚未落地时，又马上向前跨出的一种移动方法。这种步法较多地运用在上网、接杀球和正手后退突击扣杀时。 并步右侧移动步法 从起动开始，身体侧向右侧，身体重心移向右脚，左脚向右脚并步靠拢，并以前脚掌着地向右侧蹬伸，右脚在左脚并步未落地时，髋关节旋外后向右侧跨出一大步，落地时脚尖朝向右侧方向。击球后，右腿随即再旋内蹬伸回动。这种步法，通常在对方来球距边线较近时运用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnogaY6a4aKGII0y36idmu0b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":260,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"并步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e716b22518314ca49e7e8a64fb1f2d5b","width":400},"text":"","id":"doxcnugooUWCkSKIKAl5rBmkjHh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"交叉步","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOwE4kkkIwIwk6gyylbO8Xg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"侧对击球点方向，两脚采用前、后交叉的移动方法。这种步法的步幅较大，移动中身体重心比较稳定。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOq0OsceOWUkugVpfdlsU1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"左侧前交叉移动步法：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWEc60KyGAYSaIVBwQlSgfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"起动时，左脚先向左侧迈一小步，随即以左脚为轴，身体左转，右脚向左侧跨一大步，呈背对球网姿势击球。击球后，右腿迅速蹬伸右转体还原成面对球网姿势，并利用左脚并步调整身体重心和回动。这种步法与并步一样，通常在对方来球距边线较近时运用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwK0cKCiqW2Y6GDgiYKq7EN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"特点：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu06UYakOiKgmwBiod83mSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单步的移动步幅大，因此多适用于长距离的移动，如中场到后场的后退步法和从前场到后场或从后场到前场的移动。无论是主动情况下还是从后场击球结束转身，只要四个交叉步就可以到达网前，如果用并步，那就太多了，也很慢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMKUy2EkOUugwERkGkbFjmg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交叉步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2e82d385af664039b5ac6f703cbdc177","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcnIsSsWKacSeCWCWJEAF8Ead"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交叉步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3c70c2b1e3cf4e51a500e58a5b6dd4f1","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcnuyq2UUI2M2eaykXZBVaL5c"}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8qyksUWYAKU0isM0ohK7Tb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8qyksUWYAKU0isM0ohK7Tb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、交叉步移动时要尽可能地大步移动，这样才能体现交叉步的优势和速度所在。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCwa0K2CqwMm8CuxEGSIxPf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交叉步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8192c932defc413db0942f1ad5dd8049","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcnSEsWkMsiaSkM4IER6kkdWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、并步则是根据击球点的需要，灵活调整移动时的步幅，达到既要快速又要平顺、轻松。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngaMyoyyaqYYuoTcYMKyj7b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交叉步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3e7269c10f1146bc83dbefb20fcbce65","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcneYGKMWUkeCaqCce3cKs2kh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蹬跳步","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyaquUE6GU0CSOoRoRdVG7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在移动到最后一步时，采用单脚或双脚起跳击球的一种移动方法。如网前扑球时，为加快速度抢点击球，后脚用力蹬伸，前脚呈弓步前跃；在后场突击扣杀时，先转体用垫步或并步移动，最后一步再用单脚或双脚起跳扣杀。使用这种步法，要求协调性好，弹跳力强，在击球后还要善于控制自己的身体重心，以便连贯好下一拍的击球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw0KssSCqay8ogzRnPi0yeb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"蹬跳步","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8bcc1a379f80427ba1433547300b4da5","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcn2WkCeu0sWGCOEB0whNhXod"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"网前球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYSoWS60icEqgsTGjNStfPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"网前球指的是运动员将对方击到本方中、前场的球，用拍面轻击球托的底部，使球直线越过球网落在对方近网区域的一种击球技术方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQyQO4gkWSAoGs9wm0AjLdc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"实战中，如果运用得当，往往可以起到充分拉开对方前后场移动的范围，和有效地控制前场迫使对方只能挑后场高球，从而为自己创造有利进攻得分的机会。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYAC84au0QEWwqsCo8UWVXb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"击球要领：必须松握球拍，用力不宜过大，当对方来球速度较快的时候，应注重体会和掌握好击球时的缓冲动作，以达到精确地控制击球的力量，同时还必须根据击球点与球网之间相处的远近、高低关系，准确地调整好自己击球的拍面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6cAageiKkgkyEbNdnrig1f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"否则，力量太小，或拍面后仰不够，回球就容易下网。反之，又容易形成球过网时太高而遭对方扑杀，或回球太远，不但难以达到充分调动对方的目的，反而极有可能使自己处于被动的局面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0KKA4AYgw8qc6XoWlp4jce"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":363,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"网前球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/21cd2540f78842259a2924e467d50d79","width":488},"text":"","id":"doxcnkqqkmgKyI0YEmQwukBjMgc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"推球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK8GYWiyCi6AK0uJRrwrpyd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推球是羽毛球网前技术中的一种进攻型技术，运用得当，使对方陷入被动，你则找准机会进行进攻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAmqGgssiS28WUHdkrPN5Le"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正手推球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnak0Gakc6QMsOIz0mTLrNnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推直线：站在网前，当球飞过来，球拍向右侧前上举。在肘关节微屈回收时，小臂稍外旋，手腕稍后伸，球拍也随着往右稍下后摆，拍面正对来球。小指和无名指稍松开，使拍柄稍离开手掌鱼际肌。拇指和食指稍向外捻动拍柄，拍面更为后仰。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2C00qGIq42YkKK7yAGuu2c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":253,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"正手推球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fa4afd5f608c4f20b5baf98bc3576e65","width":450},"text":"","id":"doxcnaicWYwoqoQQUm8hs9qYzMf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推对角线：推对角线技术的准备姿势和击球前动作与推直线相同,但是击球时击球点在右肩前,要推击球托的右侧后部,使球沿对角线方向飞去.这时,手腕控制拍面角度,闪腕时手臂不要完全伸直。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn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在网前较高的击球点上，以反手握拍法，用椎击的方法向对方底线击出弧度较平，速度较快的球.其击球动作是: 用反手握拍法，前臂伸时稍外旋，手腕由外展至伸直闪腕，中指、无名指和小指突然握紧拍柄，拇指顶压球拍，往前挥拍，推击球托的左侧面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6Ee8WqqKcWIOa8M2KLezTh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":174,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手推球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9313bb92d0de40debcf1754af55d843a","width":304},"text":"","id":"doxcnokoCcIOwgMWkKIccZ7e7jd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手推对角线：在网前较高的击球动作基本与推直线相同，区别点是在击球一刹那要急速向右前方挥拍，推击球的左侧后部，使球沿对角线方向飞行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoUMWg0skg6GoqAh1fezAjg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":174,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手推球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3108b640737b4091877914cd5f03c2eb","width":304},"text":"","id":"doxcnuMEwigySuQUWIPKxvX8B4Y"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"羽毛球网前推球注意要点：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0eCQEuIUcIOe48z0iEGlzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、抢高点击球。（击球点尽量和网平行，或比网高，推出去的球弧度越低越好）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQMqU8C0qw2K8M3ejQesqCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、击球动作越小越好。（动作越小击球的隐蔽性就越好，之前讲扑球技术时候的要点，尽早的伸出球拍来迎球，然后先向后小幅度挥动球拍再击球。）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnq4M464mEwQK4wvzifCSlkf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"勾球 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8SMmmC4AMsmyauXephsCSb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"勾球是把在本方右（左）边的网前球击到对方左（右）边网前去的技术动作。勾球分正手和反手两种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkQycQiy6oo06Y5Vm0v3DFc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正手勾球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAE86o2gAm8EgquuLDWAIYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用并步加蹬跨步上右网前。球拍随前臂往右前斜上举。在前臂前伸时稍有外旋，手腕微后伸，握拍 手将拍柄稍向外捻动，使拇指贴在拍柄的宽面上，食指的第二指关节贴在拍柄背面的宽面上，拍柄不触掌心。球拍 随着向右侧前挥动，拍面朝着对方右网前。击球时，靠前臂稍有内旋往左拉收，手腕由稍后伸至内收闪腕，挥拍拨 击球托的右侧下部，使球向对方网前掠网坠落。击球后，球拍回收至右肩前。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0g8A0kg6cWC8QFjSDFMm1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":858,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"正手勾球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c0cc2cd19a6b49f98a9db81c272abe62","width":713},"text":"","id":"doxcni6EAaEKeIkQYcBxmftDunc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"反手勾球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKKG6Q6Y6SwqkTgn4PQDBEF"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"站在左网前，反手握拍前平举。在身体前移的过程中，球拍随手臂下沉至离网顶20厘米处，握拍 变成反拍勾球握拍法，拍面正对来球。当来球过网时，肘部突然下沉、同时前臂 稍外旋，手腕稍屈至后伸闪腕，拇指内侧和中指把拍柄往右侧一拉，其他手指突然握紧拍柄，拨击球托的左侧后部，使球沿对角线飞越过网。击球后，球拍往右侧前回收 。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMso8gGGWCMQqamUUMYPPBh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":823,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反手勾球","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/84efc5f93124462cb922872e84799690","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcnWoi44a6082s0eaZYUKhwWh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"撮球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6mc2w8W0MAgccfMCrf3Gzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在羽毛球中，搓球是网前的基本技术之一，是用球拍搓击球的左或右侧下部与球托底部， 使球向右侧或左侧旋转与翻滚过网。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8m2auW0g8maMyqpoBi0eUb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"动作提要","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwUkeAIyGKyieOuemF1TeVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、搓球技术可分为收搓和展搓。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEUgmcsUmuGWEi2NJnUhZef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、收搓主要是切击球托侧面使球产生旋转，速度较快、过网高度低。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0awoqsOKSmY6iuwzLSWd1f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、展搓主要是切击球托正面，并同时给球托一点点稍微向上的力度，球的最高点在我方一侧，一过网袋就迅速下坠，威胁非常大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni6OIigGQMecqElgB4ofeXe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、步伐要点：上网要快，抢到的点越高，搓出来的球质量越高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4IE6sYcei6sQGk7OmgUmbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、完成搓球动作后，右脚在前，左脚在后（右手持拍为例），随时准备封网、扑球，如果对手挑后场高球，则用右脚蹬地，迅速回动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUEA6YkSY0KWSEv5En71Vuc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"动作提要","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e7f795ac29e047b5b1332d08af2a89bd","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcnes462ksCKWCasJ7DpEVxBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（反手搓球运用）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng0aW8ksMOSgKkhlpCp82xd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"技术分析","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkMcsUWw6CIucaeQE3EB9zb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"搓球最是考验一个羽毛球选手的技术水平，是羽毛球里最具技术和最有战术意义的动作。羽毛球搓球技术属于小发力动作，对球拍的控制要求很高，羽毛球赛场上若是你能熟练使用搓球技术，绝对能完爆你的对手。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsuKwGUSiWkqkiIDNgqv5mh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"动作演示","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYse4meCgKIQC0SNRJW4lNf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、握拍要放松","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneUaSC2q02KGOMZnmUXCvLc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"动作演示","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/dc82c5d52c7e4071b6d54afbe27778fc","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcniOQCQUE0kwYo0geg6algaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（正手放松握拍）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAOKgkOgiYACGQZfDWVxt2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKg4eUSe60Kyg4YCsVgEL4b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"动作演示","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e0cac38f72324178a013e773da5105de","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnEseyy4uSoeaUWcXt6O4h91"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（正手捏紧握拍，让拍头翘起来）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8ioe6MAksMcscBpxQ27TNg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"动作演示","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/79d1aa926c0f4508bc23121e71ef882f","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnuwWoCyCMSsaGs9YgwSj1Bg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（反手放松握拍）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkoWyW40U4g0gQXwU74TBHg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"动作演示","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f338a92d6d65430089810b030dcd0c14","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnwE020aeKSm0qUhY4AUn0Dd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（反手捏紧球拍，让拍头翘起来）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGY0yw4ACkMkMkL8Ufjrtwh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"搓球的优势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU8CWooUU4gicUVGg4ACe7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一旦你的搓球质量高，对手的回球受迫于你的前场压制和球网角度的限制只能在很被动的情况下起球，你轻松得分的几率大增。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG0wo2eGAyE4ws7RCyIwPoe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":169,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"搓球的优势","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0535cda513ee497d96bd07118eeee5aa","width":300},"text":"","id":"doxcne2K4C6mEAcISC6KaO5lQOe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYcAYgOgeOMkE6375WW2r9C"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"当然，想要打好羽毛球光练好技术还不够，羽毛球是一项非常综合的运动，力量、速度、体力、意识、技术缺一不可。平常体能方面的练习可以尝试中长距离的变速跑。手腕爆发力方面可以多练习跳绳的双摇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEW2iwi0QosUuYVTAz4djvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO2A6iUKiGeaOUfbTT6YxCg"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

2. 三星低音音箱ps_wc450

1没有安装适合的音频软件的。

2.如果有，没有正确设置，在控制面板里，有个Realtek高清音频管理器，可在这里设置，如果你设置的是立体声，重低音就不会有声音的，应该设置为5.1或7.1

3.将重低音音箱插头重新插入电脑，设置为重低音，就可以的了

3. 三星音箱ps—wc450接口

空调是现代生活中不可缺少的一部分，它提高了人们的生活水平，使人们在适宜的温度下生活。但是做为家用电器，长时间的使用，也难免会出现故障，那么出现故障该怎么办呢？本文就教教大家怎么处理。

空调基础知识

核心部件

空调器的制冷（制热）系统由压缩机、冷凝器、毛细管（或电子膨胀阀）、蒸发器四大部分组成。分体式空调器中，这4大部件分为室内机和室外机两部分。室外机有压缩机、冷凝器、毛细管（或电子膨胀阀）3大制冷（制热）部件，室内机只有1只蒸发器，它们之间用管路、截止阀来连接，从而成为一个完整的制冷（制热)系统。

压缩机

将气体压缩，将低压气体变成高压气体，常见的有涡旋式压缩机、转子式压缩机，为制冷剂提供从高温环境吸热、向高温环境放热的能量，帮助制冷剂循环顺利进行。

冷凝器

将制冷剂由气体冷凝变成液体，放出热量。

节流装置

将高压液体变成低温低压液体，常见的有毛细管和膨胀阀，制冷剂压力越低，沸点越低，节流装置的作用就是将制冷剂的压力降低到制冷剂对应的沸点比制冷时室内温度（需要从室内吸热），制热时的室外温度低（需要从室外吸热），保证制冷剂能从空气吸热，正常蒸发。

蒸发器

将制冷剂由液体蒸发变成气体，吸收热量。

循环原理：

制冷和制热原理

制冷

空调制冷时，制冷剂先经过压缩机变成高压气体；然后经过室外机换热器（冷凝器）冷凝放热变成高压液体；然后高压液体经过节流装置，会变成低温低压的液体；然后经过室内机换热器（蒸发器）蒸发吸热变成低温低压的气体，最后再回到压缩机。

制热

空调制热时，制冷剂先经过压缩机变成高压气体，然后会先经过室内机换热器（冷凝器）冷凝放热变成高压液体；然后高压液体经过节流装置，会变成低温低压的液体；然后经过室外机换热器（蒸发器）蒸发吸热变成低温低压的气体，最后再回到压缩机。

注意制冷制热时，制冷剂流向是不同的，制冷时先流过室外机换热器，此时室外机是冷凝器，室内机是蒸发器；制热时，制冷剂先流过室内机换热器，此时室内机是冷凝器，室外机是蒸发器。制冷制热不同状态时，空调会通过四通阀改变制冷剂的流向。上图红色方框内为四通阀。如果没有四通阀，空调只能实现单一制冷或者制热，不能冷热切换。

检修思路

空调检修遵循由室内到室外再到中间，先易后难。要想电路故障检修具体和简单化，就要在检修时把室内与室外电路、主电路与控制电路故障区别开来。

控制与主电路故障

1、对于压缩机频繁开停故障，可通过测量空调器负载电压与压缩机运行电流来判断故障部位。如压缩机运转电流过大，说明故障在主电路；如压缩机运转电流正常，说明故障在控制电路。

2、对于风机运转压缩机不启动故障，可通过观察室外交流接触器是否吸合来判定故障部位。如接触器吸合而压缩机不工作，说明故障在主电路；如接触器不吸合，说明故障在控制电路。对于变频空调压机不启动，可通过检测功率模块来排除故障。

3、测量室内与室外保护元件是否正常，来判断故障区域。如测量保护元件正常，说明故障在控制电路；如测量保护元件损坏，说明故障在主电路。

4、对于压缩机不运转故障，还可通过强行按动接触器，观察压缩机是否能正常制冷。如按下接触器后压缩机能运转且制冷，说明故障在控制电路；如按下接触器压缩机过流或不启动，说明故障在主电路。(变频压缩机不能采用此法)

5、对于压缩机频繁启动故障，如摸压缩机外壳温度过高，多为主电路或压缩机本身故障。

6、对于变频空调来说，可以通过空调器的故障指示灯来进行判断，如功率模块、通讯故障等。

室内与室外电路故障

1、有输入与输出信号线的空调器，可以使用短接方法来进行判断。如采用上述方法后空调器能恢复正常，说明故障在室外机；如故障没有消除，说明故障在室内机。

2、测量室外机接线端上有无交流或直流电压判断故障部位。如测量室外接线端子上有交流或直流电压，说明故障在室外机；如测量无交流或直流电压，说明故障在室内电路。

3、对功率较大的柜式空调器可通过观察室外接触器是否吸合，来判断故障部位。如接触器吸合，说明故障在室外机；如没有吸合，说明故障在室内机。

4、对于有故障显示的空调器可通过观察室内与室外故障代码来区分故障部位。

5、对于采用串行通讯的空调器电路，可用示波器测量信号线的波形来判断故障部位。

6、对于热泵型空调器不除霜或除霜频繁，则多为室外主控电路板故障。

7、有条件也可通过更换电路板来区分室外机故障。

空调故障检修方法

1、插上电源插头，室内机电源指示灯亮，如无电源指示，说明您家的电源有故障或指示灯损坏。（下图左起第一个为电源指示灯）

2、有电源指示，用遥控器按操作键，信号发射不出去。首先，检查遥控器内的电池是否有电，然后检查电池的正负极片触点有无氧化腐蚀，若上述正常，检查遥控器内部电路板是否损坏，可将遥控器靠近一台调幅收音机，按遥控器键进行干扰试验，听收音机是否发出有“嘟嘟”声，有声说明遥控器无故障。

3、当遥控器确定无故障时，信号还是发射不出去时，可用室内机强制运行开关验证，强制运行时，室内贯流风机和室外压缩机若运转正常，制冷效果良好，则证明空调器室内机红外接收部位有故障。

4、当你使用的遥控器装上新电池使用不到一个月就不显示时，可将遥控器的后盖打开，用95%的酒精清洗一下电路板和按键触点面导电胶片，干燥后，即可排除漏电故障，遥控器液晶显示缺字也可采用这种方法。

5、变频空调器中的温度传感器起着非常重要的作用，室内机有空气温度传感器和蒸发器温度传感器;室外机有空气温度传感器，高压管路传感器和低压管路传感器，有的传感器在长期使用后发生阻值变化，使控制特性改变，(如室内机空气温度传感器阻值变大后，会引起变频器输出频率偏低)，为了保证控制精度，及其相同的工作特性，确定传感器故障后，应换用原型号的产品。

6、在空调器出现故障时，如果鉴别整个控制系统是否有故障，可将室内机控制器上的开关放在“试运行”挡上，此时微处理器会向变频器发出一个频率为50Hz的信号。若此时空调器能运转，并保持频率不变工作，一般认为整个控制系统无大问题，可着重检查各传感器是否完好。如果空调器不能正常运行，说明控制系统有故障。

故障情况分析

常规故障现象成因

故障一　　

现象：空调系统不工作且空调的压缩机不吸合。　

成因：制冷剂部分或全部泄露。　　

维修：找出导致制冷剂泄漏的故障点，并更换损坏的零件，然后重新将其抽成真空状态，再添加适量的制冷剂。容易发生制冷剂泄漏的部位有：管路及其密封圈、冷凝管、膨胀阀、压力开关等。　　

故障二　　

现象：空调不能制冷，压缩机能够吸合，但低压很低且排出管表面温度极高。　　

成因：膨胀阀上的感温头损坏，导致冷媒泄漏无法制冷。　　

维修：将坏掉的感温头换掉，并将系统抽成真空、保压，然后根据空调规定的剂量适量添加制冷剂。　

故障三　　

现象：空调系统不工作且空调的压缩机不吸合，但空调系统内的压力平衡。　　

成因：空调系统的保险片、继电器、热敏电阻接线、冷凝风扇接线等部件出现问题。　　

维修：对上述部件一一进行排拆，更换掉损坏的的部件。　　

故障四　　

现象：制冷效果不佳，风量较小，且机箱运行噪声较大。　　

成因：空调的管道中有异物进入，或者灰尘堆积导致过滤网阻塞。　　

维修：定期拆下过滤网并对过滤网进行清洗，清洁管道，然后重新安装。　　

故障五　　

现象：空调制冷效果不佳，机箱正常运行但高、低压的压力均过高。　　

成因：添加了过量的制冷剂，或在压缩机中添加了过多的润滑油。　　

维修：如果是制冷剂添加过多，则排出、回收多余的制冷剂；若润滑油加注过多，拭去多余的润滑油到合适的剂量。然后同样要进行抽空、保压、加制冷剂等步骤。　　

故障六　　

现象：随着使用时间变长，空调的制冷效果变差，高低压压力都偏低。　　

成因：使用时各个部件的街头松动。　　

维修：将松动的接头处重新拧紧。

常规故障分析排除

以下几种故障就在日常生活中是比较常见。如果家中的空调运行不正常，大家可以对比以下几条，找出故障的原因，并进行简单的维修，然后我们的空调机就又能正常运行啦。

压缩机不能运行

原因1：电源故障　　

排除：用万用表、电笔遂项检查排除故障。保险丝坏则更换保险丝，电线断则更换电线　　

原因2：电源电压太低　　

排除：用万用表测量电压值，必要时配用电源稳压装置　　

原因3：电线连接松脱或断路　　

排除：检查电线连接部位，松脱的接插件应重新插牢、插紧，应由专业人员检修　　

空调维修压缩机长时间运行而不能自停　　

原因1：由于制冷剂量不足，制冷剂全部或部分泄漏导致　　

排除：查出泄漏部位，补漏，将制冷系统重新抽真空，加入制冷剂等，应由专业人员维修　　

原因2：过滤器堵塞。　　

排除：可更换过滤器，制冷系统重新抽真空、加入制冷剂等，应由专业人员维修　　

风机不能运行　　

原因1：主控开关接触不良　　

排除：用万用表测量主控开关触点电阻，电阻太大或为零时，应作修复或更换处理　　

原因2：风扇电机线圈损坏　　

排除：用万用表检查，更换相同规格、相同转速的风扇电机　　

原因3：风机的电机与风叶间紧定螺钉松脱　　

排除：将紧定螺钉紧固　　

原因4：风扇电容器短路或短路　　

排除：检查电容器，更换相同规格的电容器　　

压缩机起动与停止频繁　　

原因1：室温控制值设置不当　　

排除：适当增大室内控制温度与原室温之间的差值　　

原因2：环境温度过高　　

排除：改善工作环境，如设置遮栅，避免阳光直晒，将空调器安装在通风良好的环境等　　

原因3：冷凝器太脏　　

排除：清洗冷凝器，去除冷凝器外表面的尘埃　　

冷暖型空调器制冷制热调节失灵　　

原因1：电磁换向阀线圈故障　　

排除：用万用表测量电磁换向阀线圈，若属线圈断路或烧毁，应更换新的同规格电磁阀　　

原因2：电加热装置故障　　

排除：用万用表检查，更换相同规格的电加热丝或温度保护器　　

原因3：温度控制器失灵　　

排除：用万用表检查温控器，对触点作除锈污处理后如依然无效，则应更换相同规格温度控制器　　

空调器噪音和振动较大　　

原因1：固定螺钉松动或脱落　　

排除：检查螺钉松动的地方，并将其拧紧　　

原因2：压缩机管路相碰　　

排除：用手适当调整高、低压管的开头或者在易相碰的管子上套上橡皮管，以免相碰时发出异常噪声。

维修费用

家用空调修理费用要多少？

其实费用的问题，还是要根据维修程度来看，大部分可以分为小修、中修、大修。

1、小程度修理

小城府的修理，原因一般都是小零件故障、家用空调有噪音出现等等，问题不大，修理费用也没有那么多，一般价格在50-100元之间。

2、中程度修理

中修的价格可能在100-300元之间，大多是因为家用空调上的一些零件要更换，比如更换挂机底座、组件、柜机箱体等等。

3、大程度修理

大修的价格则在300-1000元之间，具体什么问题，就需要根据家用空调实际故障而定。

空调维修安装收费价格：

常规品牌售后电话

欧美品牌

开利空调Carrier全国服务热线/售后电话：400-900-0888

约克空调YORK全国服务热线/售后电话：400-820-6607

特灵空调Trane全国服务热线/售后电话：400-828-8240

麦克维尔空调Mcquay全国服务热线/售后电话：951-05363

克莱门特空调Climaveneta全国服务热线/售后电话：400-880-7575

欧科空调EK全国服务热线/售后电话：400-188-1963

美国美意空调Mammoth全国服务热线/售后电话：400-820-1700

国产品牌

天加空调Tica全国服务热线/售后电话：400-860-1601

美的空调Midea全国服务热线/售后电话：400-889-9315

格力空调Gree全国服务热线/售后电话：400-836-5315

海尔空调Haier全国服务热线/售后电话：400-699-9999

雅士空调Airmaster全国服务热线/售后电话：400-053-0800

台佳空调TECKA全国服务热线/售后电话：400-671-2725

海信空调Hisense全国服务热线/售后电话：（安装）400-801-1111（维修）400-611-1111

志高空调Chigo全国服务热线/售后电话：4006-757-888

盾安空调Dunan全国服务热线/售后电话：400-600-3333

奥克斯空调Aux全国服务热线/售后电话：400-826-8268

国祥空调kingair全国服务热线/售后电话：400-826-0708

扬子空调Yair全国服务热线/售后电话：400-887-7000

格兰仕空调Galanz全国服务热线/售后电话：4008-300-888

TCL中央空调全国服务热线/售后电话：400-812-3456

日系品牌

大金空调Daikin全国服务热线/售后电话：400-820-1081

东芝空调Toshiba全国服务热线/售后电话：400-888-0208

日立空调HITACHI全国服务热线/售后电话：400-860-1111

三菱空调Mitsubishi全国服务热线/售后电话：400-181-3030（中央空调）400-700-3030（家用空调）

松下空调Panasonic全国服务热线/售后电话：400-881-1315

合资品牌

顿汉布什Dunham-bush全国服务热线/售后电话：800-7070-998

新晃空调SINKO全国服务热线/售后电话：400-018-1518

西屋康达空调Siukonda全国服务热线/售后电话：400-0757-200

韩国品牌

LG空调全国服务热线/售后电话：400-611-9999（中央空调），400-819-8008（空调溴化锂/离心机/螺杆机）

三星空调Samsung全国服务热线/售后电话：400-810-5858

空调保养

1、经常清扫空调器面板和机壳的灰尘

一般使用干布擦拭。先擦拭，然后再用清水湿擦布擦除掉洗涤剂。切勿用40度以上热水、汽油、挥发性油及腐蚀性溶剂擦拭空调器面板和机壳。不应用硬毛刷刷洗空调器，以免损坏外壳，造成脱漆、褪色等。

2、定期清洗空调器的冷凝器和蒸发器盘管

可使用毛刷和吸尘器清洗盘管上的灰尘。注意在清洗时毛刷和吸尘器应沿盘管的垂直方向清扫，切勿沿水平方向清扫，以免碰坏盘管的肋片。

3、定期清洗空调器的空气过滤网

一般2至3周左右清扫一次。清扫时将过滤网抽出，用干的软毛刷刷去过滤网上的灰尘。也可用清水清洗去过滤网上的灰尘。晾干后再装入空调器使用。对灰尘较多的环境，过滤网的清洗应更经常，以免过滤网沾灰尘太多，影响空调器的通风量。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调是现代生活中不可缺少的一部分，它提高了人们的生活水平，使人们在适宜的温度下生活。但是做为家用电器，长时间的使用，也难免会出现故障，那么出现故障该怎么办呢？本文就教教大家怎么处理。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwGqE8O8usMgiQBVxXwqvkd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调基础知识","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2m8yOEsisQOyK2m5nN6pYg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"核心部件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOy6seiasIICEOcTtpKfPZk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调器的制冷（制热）系统由压缩机、冷凝器、毛细管（或电子膨胀阀）、蒸发器四大部分组成。分体式空调器中，这4大部件分为室内机和室外机两部分。室外机有压缩机、冷凝器、毛细管（或电子膨胀阀）3大制冷（制热）部件，室内机只有1只蒸发器，它们之间用管路、截止阀来连接，从而成为一个完整的制冷（制热)系统。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnamMqIkWAoSsE4qeLbnCLYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":630,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"核心部件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/33242a7b9e21411780e7d098fdeddee3","width":945},"text":"","id":"doxcnCCeYuue6CgiSiwzAg0iMUh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"压缩机","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsCy60UMmsyEAa0mts7vjgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"将气体压缩，将低压气体变成高压气体，常见的有涡旋式压缩机、转子式压缩机，为制冷剂提供从高温环境吸热、向高温环境放热的能量，帮助制冷剂循环顺利进行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwsO8OYOUse6Uy4iEm3BhFc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷凝器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2ykwAqSuYUKICtmcnTvcv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"将制冷剂由气体冷凝变成液体，放出热量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne8geisc4Sig6mKouqRXLoc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"节流装置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne2iKYYM0OC6GKWhW3YyLah"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"将高压液体变成低温低压液体，常见的有毛细管和膨胀阀，制冷剂压力越低，沸点越低，节流装置的作用就是将制冷剂的压力降低到制冷剂对应的沸点比制冷时室内温度（需要从室内吸热），制热时的室外温度低（需要从室外吸热），保证制冷剂能从空气吸热，正常蒸发。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8YacUs6UmwkQyEPJjiDs0c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蒸发器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA0GIau4QUA0MCYCPDOrG5c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"将制冷剂由液体蒸发变成气体，吸收热量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4MMaSaUM4eI6gb7y7tiQWg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"循环原理：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEQCmwMwquugQKy1jpW3Fbh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":540,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"循环原理：","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8699bb2d14464b7196b92e072a8103d8","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnsWwkYSgoUeEaCaX6nDz7vb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷和制热原理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkC2CECMK2miCiB9XVbtQf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷和制热原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2b257991c5cf4426bc5995d744e343f6","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnAgUsM2syeWAc84N9SJ28vb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0YMW0cogk0EQ2XRj8uqOse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调制冷时，制冷剂先经过压缩机变成高压气体；然后经过室外机换热器（冷凝器）冷凝放热变成高压液体；然后高压液体经过节流装置，会变成低温低压的液体；然后经过室内机换热器（蒸发器）蒸发吸热变成低温低压的气体，最后再回到压缩机。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2Miqo6U2qeSQFJBkVJuWs8"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOI4w8kQsmcYGAxbUT0oGhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调制热时，制冷剂先经过压缩机变成高压气体，然后会先经过室内机换热器（冷凝器）冷凝放热变成高压液体；然后高压液体经过节流装置，会变成低温低压的液体；然后经过室外机换热器（蒸发器）蒸发吸热变成低温低压的气体，最后再回到压缩机。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMoU8kcyySqOO6x3oipzrcf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意制冷制热时，制冷剂流向是不同的，制冷时先流过室外机换热器，此时室外机是冷凝器，室内机是蒸发器；制热时，制冷剂先流过室内机换热器，此时室内机是冷凝器，室外机是蒸发器。制冷制热不同状态时，空调会通过四通阀改变制冷剂的流向。上图红色方框内为四通阀。如果没有四通阀，空调只能实现单一制冷或者制热，不能冷热切换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCaEuW4qM0wEEdkYIZRknhy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"检修思路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4s6i2GG6WAKS4BXLXnf0yg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调检修遵循由室内到室外再到中间，先易后难。要想电路故障检修具体和简单化，就要在检修时把室内与室外电路、主电路与控制电路故障区别开来。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncKIooiG6GKkmC1sN95Vcea"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":434,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"检修思路","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1b313addc088496daf46fc1aa834fc2f","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnGCWKIKYIawOqyio3Ifb1Pa"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"控制与主电路故障","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUAG0Ymsoyg8cYT8nKOxpEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、对于压缩机频繁开停故障，可通过测量空调器负载电压与压缩机运行电流来判断故障部位。如压缩机运转电流过大，说明故障在主电路；如压缩机运转电流正常，说明故障在控制电路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAO2eKOKCKSKek5KJRMwPCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、对于风机运转压缩机不启动故障，可通过观察室外交流","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"接触器","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"是否吸合来判定故障部位。如接触器吸合而压缩机不工作，说明故障在主电路；如接触器不吸合，说明故障在控制电路。对于变频空调压机不启动，可通过检测功率模块来排除故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWGs64aUMSwAGmOhRV3UWfc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":904,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"控制与主电路故障","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a55c8ce63b074b8fabb7a5e6851e3e5d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnwCiO0CIce2S8eocyvRtGLc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、测量室内与室外保护元件是否正常，来判断故障区域。如测量保护元件正常，说明故障在控制电路；如测量保护元件损坏，说明故障在主电路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWSOkc0iA2CAcKZ399bRnYd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、对于压缩机不运转故障，还可通过强行按动接触器，观察压缩机是否能正常制冷。如按下接触器后压缩机能运转且制冷，说明故障在控制电路；如按下接触器压缩机过流或不启动，说明故障在主电路。(变频压缩机不能采用此法)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSwUm6koGi4iWUxar4PRV1k"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、对于压缩机频繁启动故障，如摸压缩机外壳温度过高，多为主电路或压缩机本身故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn24uQUkWQgsyGwfjcfRzD4c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、对于变频空调来说，可以通过空调器的故障指示灯来进行判断，如功率模块、通讯故障等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqE44k8kycqwuccBOIa7kQl"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":921,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"控制与主电路故障","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1945f5c0c30d4366bdcc7cf7d3f1086b","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnss6wuyAUCi2QsfoiThcOph"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"室内与室外电路故障","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOEqKMCwG6UOGiEVnhA7Pid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、有输入与输出信号线的空调器，可以使用短接方法来进行判断。如采用上述方法后空调器能恢复正常，说明故障在室外机；如故障没有消除，说明故障在室内机。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOKg8GKmwIqAaOSOwoFHKZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、测量室外机接线端上有无交流或直流电压判断故障部位。如测量室外接线端子上有交流或直流电压，说明故障在室外机；如测量无交流或直流电压，说明故障在室内电路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEkC6S2Sa4ii2QRC5MvF9YU"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、对功率较大的柜式空调器可通过观察室外接触器是否吸合，来判断故障部位。如接触器吸合，说明故障在室外机；如没有吸合，说明故障在室内机。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4MQOAQcoywaWKUuMN0ZAbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"对于有故障显示的空调器可通过观察室内与室外故障代码来区分故障部位。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaew8KwG204ueKYmOddb6sg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1123,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"室内与室外电路故障","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/05707a70b14d47878b00d9097bf1980c","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcnKeKeMAceuaAA2VKhUd3dWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、对于采用串行通讯的空调器电路，可用示波器测量信号线的波形来判断故障部位。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCW6wAMcQsMyE1BE7TkdBuH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、对于热泵型空调器不除霜或除霜频繁，则多为室外主控电路板故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC4yqW6wEUYk4meQY6xuJpb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、有条件也可通过更换电路板来区分室外机故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMkQcsesyaOW4QJr7HcdU1d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":475,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"室内与室外电路故障","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1536b9fa2b804c0a87fca19182ef4960","width":712},"text":"","id":"doxcnQysOAsamsgCOo7sPs13m9c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调故障检修方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnocY2wcqqKQUaI92cNzs7mh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、插上电源插头，室内机电源指示灯亮，如无电源指示，说明您家的电源有故障或指示灯损坏。（下图左起第一个为电源指示灯）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaucUWCkEgqcqM1ZMJ4hHJc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1200,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"空调故障检修方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4fb08fac1058410a97357c20d8163459","width":1600},"text":"","id":"doxcn8Yo0SAgmy6WQgLaz2Rwfjc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、有电源指示，用遥控器按操作键，信号发射不出去。首先，检查遥控器内的电池是否有电，然后检查电池的正负极片触点有无氧化腐蚀，若上述正常，检查遥控器内部电路板是否损坏，可将遥控器靠近一台调幅收音机，按遥控器键进行干扰试验，听收音机是否发出有“嘟嘟”声，有声说明遥控器无故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneyy8Cw6SYMMyOWfGpeeCtb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1080,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"空调故障检修方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/dd92a6c3eafb4cf683a1ae453b844638","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnsu0KAWkkaqmEU78B8jdG7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、当遥控器确定无故障时，信号还是发射不出去时，可用室内机强制运行开关验证，强制运行时，室内贯流风机和室外压缩机若运转正常，制冷效果良好，则证明空调器室内机红外接收部位有故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwQAcUiq4kGG2MDNe1IRwPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、当你使用的遥控器装上新电池使用不到一个月就不显示时，可将遥控器的后盖打开，用95%的酒精清洗一下电路板和按键触点面导电胶片，干燥后，即可排除漏电故障，遥控器液晶显示缺字也可采用这种方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO0o84cEiomwaWWwf2zroLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、变频空调器中的温度传感器起着非常重要的作用，室内机有空气温度传感器和蒸发器温度传感器;室外机有空气温度传感器，高压管路传感器和低压管路传感器，有的传感器在长期使用后发生阻值变化，使控制特性改变，(如室内机空气温度传感器阻值变大后，会引起变频器输出频率偏低)，为了保证控制精度，及其相同的工作特性，确定传感器故障后，应换用原型号的产品。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4iIOwIIOQwiWULpvskAqKe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":603,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"空调故障检修方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj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:"text","text":"1、小程度修理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnee6oo4gi2iEkYH3XC92Tbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小城府的修理，原因一般都是小零件故障、家用空调有噪音出现等等，问题不大，修理费用也没有那么多，一般价格在50-100元之间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqy4goyM4osoM0KLu33malh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、中程度修理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyMOW4SAuIaoSQ8nwB4Iymn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中修的价格可能在100-300元之间，大多是因为家用空调上的一些零件要更换，比如更换挂机底座、组件、柜机箱体等等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny448u02u8QqosXEUzRzyfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、大程度修理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn02ScI80K8Sc04up6IQ40cc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大修的价格则在300-1000元之间，具体什么问题，就需要根据家用空调实际故障而定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUwU8CogYMmoWgDp3j2Newh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调维修安装收费价格：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAiWaeSwmKuWaQ7DVRRPWNf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"维修费用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5d660a7ce36b46adbc539eb94763b42c","width":858},"text":"","id":"doxcnMK4QAoyW8MM4oLs0HTfMob"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":632,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"维修费用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e5f22e947c1e489cba712eabc661339b","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnGMGc6m04yewg2HRKQCCnxf"}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0wOQggaSiEiw8jfb9zGzLe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"常规品牌售后电话","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0wOQggaSiEiw8jfb9zGzLe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"欧美品牌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMmC2sgy6mAmaYjMnnX1jPe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"开利空调Carrier全国服务热线/售后电话：400-900-0888","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAea4yEySOcMECenFUMQotd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"约克空调YORK全国服务热线/售后电话：400-820-6607","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwyGSEcAIM2U84JVOti5xUh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"特灵空调Trane全国服务热线/售后电话：400-828-8240","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm8WOaUY8w40EqwDL6pZivb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"麦克维尔空调Mcquay全国服务热线/售后电话：951-05363","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE4waOUKsQUMSmKhtLarmvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"克莱门特空调Climaveneta全国服务热线/售后电话：400-880-7575","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc4Y8UyU6Mc2Oa4pVkNSIHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"欧科空调EK全国服务热线/售后电话：400-188-1963","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqkSEUoyaamc28K0vIQ247K"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美国美意空调Mammoth全国服务热线/售后电话：400-820-1700","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaMWgwMOU2YaMK896iBEOzd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"国产品牌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQaku8SKuSmkMUJMy5Lc2Tc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"天加空调Tica全国服务热线/售后电话：400-860-1601","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMuSGkoKUIeYwDhpU59llPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美的空调Midea全国服务热线/售后电话：400-889-9315","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOQgasi8SMU8WSuhhFc2WTb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"格力空调Gree全国服务热线/售后电话：400-836-5315","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngKA4MU6K0SW8uOxAnMksIh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"海尔空调Haier全国服务热线/售后电话：400-699-9999","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6O602kc8y86KKoVO7zhExc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"雅士空调Airmaster全国服务热线/售后电话：400-053-0800","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngOw0cqWiOOUiiWoGksTsPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"台佳空调TECKA全国服务热线/售后电话：400-671-2725","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGQ6gKU0AIUqqY1eBHSbm1g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"海信空调Hisense全国服务热线/售后电话：（安装）400-801-1111（维修）400-611-1111","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGMqUgUEC8wi8qEnnC4iJlc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"志高空调Chigo全国服务热线/售后电话：4006-757-888","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsC8IC2IQ0waeSWXwMKsIwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"盾安空调Dunan全国服务热线/售后电话：400-600-3333","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnew2cCCAoGMi0Apd6cwIJef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"奥克斯空调Aux全国服务热线/售后电话：400-826-8268","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneKwk2o0i28qceAU7DloKWf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"国祥空调kingair全国服务热线/售后电话：400-826-0708","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2em6CuckEi6CwFcqZobEkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"扬子空调Yair全国服务热线/售后电话：400-887-7000","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWy8ImMUoiqYAAtfrdAmvuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"格兰仕空调Galanz全国服务热线/售后电话：4008-300-888","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMymw0sIiGAegU1Drf5ddze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"TCL中央空调全国服务热线/售后电话：400-812-3456","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwwEQGkYuY02O6b9ZgT8f2b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日系品牌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkWyQoKeagqe6oInknVGZrZ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大金空调Daikin全国服务热线/售后电话：400-820-1081","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWSEWu0yuYqmoIHiknfTlFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"东芝空调Toshiba全国服务热线/售后电话：400-888-0208","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWWICGk6CAisOIlvw41dBwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"日立空调HITACHI全国服务热线/售后电话：400-860-1111","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn86Eoq4SwY2c2GCBlqW0d8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三菱空调Mitsubishi全国服务热线/售后电话：400-181-3030（中央空调）400-700-3030（家用空调）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0862KGwgSuS6AzmPVwcKqe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"松下空调Panasonic全国服务热线/售后电话：400-881-1315","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAsM6uSyaUuoQCqHQM5jyHh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"合资品牌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnemoGEMm860YaKoKV43f6yc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顿汉布什Dunham-bush全国服务热线/售后电话：800-7070-998","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA280SqIUWGUuGCyUJc4pIe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"新晃空调SINKO全国服务热线/售后电话：400-018-1518","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmOAS0Ei2eeEkCA8OZjiLCd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"西屋康达空调Siukonda全国服务热线/售后电话：400-0757-200","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniYawM6es0ogqMF8Pqufkgg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"韩国品牌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyo2i2MW2Q2Yygr1vmWAmqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"LG空调全国服务热线/售后电话：400-611-9999（中央空调），400-819-8008（空调溴化锂/离心机/螺杆机）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWIySicWQweKcqIPggYfIVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三星空调Samsung全国服务热线/售后电话：400-810-5858","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmOuEeK4oeSOiQdVlyuVNJd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"空调保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnssMCuyaike0E4kPb7Izsge"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、经常清扫空调器面板和机壳的灰尘","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6WSkisumimyeiqu3Ef2oMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般使用干布擦拭。先擦拭，然后再用清水湿擦布擦除掉洗涤剂。切勿用40度以上热水、汽油、挥发性油及腐蚀性溶剂擦拭空调器面板和机壳。不应用硬毛刷刷洗空调器，以免损坏外壳，造成脱漆、褪色等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOIguc2C8KEece0ln4k0BGb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、定期清洗空调器的冷凝器和蒸发器盘管","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUqEOCu88AisS0MOHJTNbHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可使用毛刷和吸尘器清洗盘管上的灰尘。注意在清洗时毛刷和吸尘器应沿盘管的垂直方向清扫，切勿沿水平方向清扫，以免碰坏盘管的肋片。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuMQk8ocyAoyeAJPX7jQ3Fh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、定期清洗空调器的空气过滤网","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwwUsace4aoYC0sSwEVrMEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般2至3周左右清扫一次。清扫时将过滤网抽出，用干的软毛刷刷去过滤网上的灰尘。也可用清水清洗去过滤网上的灰尘。晾干后再装入空调器使用。对灰尘较多的环境，过滤网的清洗应更经常，以免过滤网沾灰尘太多，影响空调器的通风量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyyEwGCEsuqSuQfAftmeSqh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":607,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"空调保养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2e453444b4294206955f1463ea70a000","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnSqGkEEWy4GaiGKUzEvA20e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmYgKGCgiYIY4ApBl9SWFFg"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

4. 三星ps51e450a1r说明书

三星电视出厂时默认的安全密码均为“0000”,用户也可以更改为自定义密码。

5. 三星ps-wc450说明书

对于很多热爱播音的人来说，学习播音不仅能让人具备更好的表达能力、思考能力、沟通能力、组织协调以及领导能力，而且学得好，可以实现当播音主持的梦想。那么如何学播音呢？

什么是播音

播音定义

播音的定义有广义和狭义的区分。

广义：指电台、电视台等电子传媒所进行的一切有关声音语言和副语言传播信息的活动。

狭义：播音员和节目主持人运用有声语言和副语言，通过广播电视传媒进行传播信息的创作。

播音的要求

发音正确,吐字正确。

用标准的普通话播读，特别要注意多音多义字，古诗文中特别要注意按意定音。不添字不少字不读破句，朗读清晰完整。

语速适当,用心感受

要抓住文章特点，使节奏流利和谐，缓急结合。

语调生动,轻重适宜

根据需要，分出轻重缓急，分清抑扬顿挫，表达出文章的思想感情。

播音学习技巧

对播音员而言，具备良好的语言表达能力犹如进入这一行的钥匙，假如无法打开这道门，就无法担任播音主持的工作。想要具备娴熟的语言表达能力、专业化的播音能力，就需播音员通过长时间努力练习及不断探索

普通话标准

普通话标准是播音主持上岗的基本条件，如何达到普通话标准呢？主要可以从以下几个方面着手。

声母

声母包含b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h、j、q、x、z、c、s、zh、ch、shi、r

声母按发音部位的分7类：

1、双唇阻:上唇与下唇成阻。下唇向上运动与上唇接触，双唇闭拢成阻。双唇阻声母有b、p、m。

2、唇齿阻:上门齿与下唇成阻。上唇稍抬，稍露出上齿，下唇向上，唇缘线与上门齿靠拢、接触成阻。唇齿阻声母有f。

3、舌尖前阻:舌尖与上门齿背成阻。舌尖平伸，与上门齿背接触或接近成阻。舌尖前阻声母有z、c、s。

4、舌尖中阻:舌尖与上门齿龈成阻。舌尖向前上方抬起与上门齿龈接触、抵住成阻。舌尖中阻声母有d、t、n、l。

5、舌尖后阻:舌尖与前硬腭成阻。舌体稍向后缩，舌尖向上方翘起，与硬腭前部接触或接近成阻。舌尖后阻声母有zh、ch、sh、r。

6、舌面阻:舌面前部与硬腭前部成阻。舌尖向下前伸抵住下齿背，舌面向上抬起，接触或接近硬腭前部成阻。舌面阻声母有j、q、x。

7、舌根阻:舌根与硬腭软腭交界处成阻。舌体后缩，舌根隆起与硬腭和软腭交界处接触或接近成阻。舌根阻声母有g、k、h。

韵母

按汉语语音学的传统分析方法，把汉语音节中声母以后的部分叫韵母。韵母由单元音或复合音充当，普通话中有39个别韵母。

1、10个单韵母：a、o、e、ê、i、u、ü、-i（前）、-i（后）、er

2、13个复韵母：ai、ei、ao、ou、ia、ie、ua、uo、üe、iao、iou、uai、uei

3、16个鼻韵母8前8后：an、en、in、ün、ian、uan、üan、uen、

ang、eng、ing、ong、iong、iang、uang、ueng

调值

声调是汉语音节结构中不可缺少的成分，它同声母、韵母一样，有区别意义的作用。

调值是指音节声调的相对音高。调值通常采用“五度标记法”记录，用一条竖线表示声音的高低，从下面最低点到最高点共分为五度，分别用1、2、3、4、5依次表示。

普通话各类声调的调值为：

阴平：高平调，55

阳平：高升调，35

上声：降升调，214

去声：全降调，51

练习方法

1、练习绕口令

通过绕口令练习，可以提高口语能力，把握住文字发音音准，学好拼音字母，掌握发音部位，反复进行训练，让自己普通话的发音准确度更高。

2、制定训练计划

要有计划的进行普通话训练，了解自己的基础，制定合理的计划，规定每天的练习量，以周为单位，在不断训练中查找不足，并不断提升。

3、掌握训练要领

坚持用普通话进行日常会话，可以读一些报纸上的文章，或者拿出词典，多多进行发音练习，提高发音准度。

气息控制

气息控制是播音从业人员需要达到的最基本要求。

播音发声气息的要求

一、持久的气息控制能力

气息控制是作为一个播音员的基本的条件，如果播音员播一篇长篇的稿件时要求声音由始至终保持一定力度，不减不衰，从容不迫，这就要求对气息有持久的控制能力。

二、气息控制要有稳劲儿

播音员要根据节目内容的要求调节气息压力，该强就强、该弱就弱，吸气量要大于日常说话，呼气时要保持较为稳定的压力，调节自如。

三、能做到快吸慢呼，并能根据需要及时补气

播音语言，一般句子长度比口语长，结构比较复杂，间歇比口语少而短。要把每个句子播得完整而有层次，就需要按照句子结构用气，绝不能因气不够用而停下来吸气，要求播音员呼气的持续时间要尽量长，而且要掌握在句子进行中补气、偷气的技巧。

四、做到短时间无声吸气

即要求播音员能作较长时间的呼气及保持一定的气息压力，吸气量就必须比平常大一些，吸气速度快一些，播音员依靠话筒传声，话筒灵敏度高，很容易混入吸气的杂音。而吸气杂音多，会给人不从容的感觉，甚至会使人厌烦。因而，播音员必须学会在短时间内吸气无声。

五、呼气时要注意的两点

1、尽量保持两助张开支撑感(实际仍会塌下收回一些)。

2、着重体会，在这种呼吸肌的配合中、靠腹肌收缩往外送气流的感觉。这一步练习主要体会胸腹联合式呼吸方式中，腹肌参与吸气、呼气控制、特别是收腹呼气的感觉。随着呼吸控制能力及隔肌与腹肌配合能力的增强，吸气量可加大到八、九成满，只需注意呼气时，仍不要有明显地“扼喉”感。

播音发声气息控制具体实施方法

没有气息，声带不能颤动发声。但只是声带发出声音是不够的。想要嗓音富于弹性、耐久，需要的是源源不断供给声带气流。

一、胸腹联合呼吸法

吸气后两肋扩大，横膈膜下降，小腹微收。胸腹联合呼吸法是朗读时应该掌握的方法。这种呼吸活动范围大、伸缩性强，可以使气息均匀平衡。理想的状态是做到“吸气一大片、呼气一条线；气断情不断，声断意不断”。

练习方法：

1、慢吸慢呼，双目平视前方、头正、肩放松，像在旷野呼吸花香一样，慢慢吸足气。要感觉到腰腹之间充气膨胀，气入丹田，但是要收小腹，保持几秒后，轻缓呼出。

可以在呼气的时候加入以下练习：呼气时练习xiao lan（拼音小兰），一声声渐渐远去，或者数数1、2、3、4……，嘴上用力，发音之间不要闭住声门，不要跑气换气，数得越多越好。

2、快吸慢呼，快速短促地吸气，并保持气息，呼气时缓缓呼出，配合声音，平稳均匀。

呼气时，可以通过以下发声练习：巴、拔、把、爸、低、答、底、大。

换气时，可以进行以下练习：广场上，红旗飘，看你能数多少旗，一面旗、两面旗、三面旗、四面、五面旗……，相声小品里的“数来宝”经常用这个形式，大家可以观察演员的呼吸。

二、强控制练习

要求气要吸得深并保持一定量，呼气要均匀、通畅、灵活。强控制练习需要一点声乐练习知识，在这里不好介绍。大家可以回想：《智取威虎山》里杨子荣喝酒唱歌那一段，最后结尾有个“啊—哈、哈、哈、哈哈哈……”基本的感觉就是这样。要体会膈肌和腹肌的作用，发声的时候气息是应该下沉的。

参考练习诗词：岳飞《满江红》、毛泽东《忆秦娥·娄山关》、陈然《我的“自白”书》，新闻联播播音员在播报简讯的时候，一般都用强控制。

三、弱控制练习

1、吸气深呼气匀。缓慢持续地发出ai、uai、uang、iang四个音。

2、夸大声调，延长发音，控制气息。花红柳绿H—ua、H—ong、L—iu、L—v（发音时，声母和韵母之间气息拉长，要均匀、不断气）。

3、通过夸大连续，控制气息，扩展音域。

参考练习诗词：李白《静夜思》、孟浩然《春晓》等。气息控制训练可以把握“深（吸得深）、匀（呼得匀）、通（气通畅）、活（用灵活）”四字方针，注意气息和内容的结合。单纯的语音、气息训练效果并不好，需要大家在实际朗读过程中不断体会、运用。

共鸣控制

共鸣对于播音发声的重要性体现在播音是以言语发声的过程，要想声音圆润集中，需要改变共鸣条件。

共鸣控制要领

根据解剖学原理，共鸣器官能够受控并随意活动的是软腭、咽部和舌部，共鸣控制主要关注这三部门肌肉的活动组成结果。

1、提起颧肌

颧肌稍带紧张感，使该部位肌肉向外上方稍稍提起，这就是提颧肌。提颧肌能使我们的发音更清晰、明亮。

2、打开牙

指双侧上后槽牙保持向上提起的感觉。这样就加大了口腔开度丰富了共鸣。考生可以用含有“Q”的音节来做夸张的练习，将会取得明显效果。

3、放松下巴

下巴紧张会导致舌根和喉头的紧张，进而导致发声吃力，声音也将发紧，有意的放松下巴就会使我们的发声吐字更加自如。

共鸣分类及训练

1、口腔共鸣：口腔共鸣的获得是要在发音时，口腔自然上下打开，笑肌微提，下腭自然放下稍后拉，上腭有上提的感觉。口腔共鸣发声最主要的一点，是发声的时候鼻咽要关闭，不产生鼻泄露。

通过下列练习大家可以体会一下，基本都是以开口元音为主练习：ba、da、ga、pa、ta、ka、peng、pa、pi、pu、pai。普通话的四个声调，准确的叫法是第一声—阴平，第二声—阳平，第三声—上声，第四声—去声。我们在进行声音训练的时候，多用阴平声调进行，这样有利于体会声音和气息。

词组练习：澎湃、冰雹、拍照、平静、批评，哗啦啦、噼啪啪、咣啷啷、扑嗵嗵、胡噜噜、快乐、宣纸、挫折、菊花、捐助、吹捧。

绕口令：山上五株树，架上五壶醋，林中五只鹿，柜中五条裤，伐了山上树，取下架上醋，捉住林中鹿，拿出柜中裤。

2、鼻腔共鸣：鼻腔共鸣是声波在鼻骨上的振动，即将声音的焦点定位在鼻腔。

鼻腔共鸣是通过软腭来实现的，标准的鼻辅音m，n和ng就是这样发声的。有人觉得鼻音重显得声音好听、有厚度，但是过多的鼻音有如感冒，是不好的。发a、i、u的音，加点鼻腔共鸣体会，加鼻辅音ma、mi、mu、na、ni、nu。

词组练习：妈妈、光芒、中央、接纳、头脑。

蓝蓝的天上白云飘，白云下面马儿跑，挥动鞭儿响四方，百鸟齐飞翔。

3、胸腔共鸣：是指声带振动激起气管内空气柱振动而传送到肺再扩及整个胸腔引起共振产生的整个共鸣包括横隔膜以上至气管顶端的整个脑区。

胸腔的空间及共鸣能量大，发出的声音有深度和宽度，声音更浑厚、宽广。“a”元音直上、直下、滑动练习。词组练习：百炼成钢、翻江倒海、追悔莫及。

小柳树满地栽，金花谢，银花开。

声音的弹性

声音弹性，是指播音时声音形式对不同播讲内容和形式的适应能力。声音弹性包括声音的高与低、强与弱、实与虚、明与暗、刚与柔、厚与薄、纵与收等多层次对比变化。

声音弹性的特点

1、可变性，不同语调和情感。

2、对比性，有起有伏。

3、复合性，不会单独存在，是多种结合的，如虚低，高实。

声音弹性训练方法

1、虚实练习

虚实练声方法是：吸一口气，然后屏住呼吸，让声门保持在闭合状态，开始发音，此时声音是响亮的实声。然后逐渐打开声门，声音由明亮到柔和的音色变化，这个时候注意体会喉咙的感觉，刚柔、厚薄、明暗等变化。

2、高低声练习

a、i、u由低音向上滑动，再从高音向下滑动。

这个练习主要可以锻炼自己对于音色的精细识别能力和控制能力，可以在自己不断的练习中感受。可以进行不同音高的朗读练习。用一句话，或一首诗，变化着不同的音高来进行练习。

如：“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天。”

先用习惯音高朗读一遍，然后逐渐降低音调朗读，读到不太能胜任的音高时又逐渐提高音调读，也是读到自己还能胜任的最高音为止。

3、强弱练习

远距离对话练习，练习时随时改变距离。

甲：喂—，喂—，小芳—

乙：嗳—

甲：快—来—啊—

乙：怎么了—呀—

甲：一起去看—电—影—吧

乙：好—啊！

夸张声音练习法：注意加大运动幅度，用丹田气发声。

快板是最明显的例子，想象说快板的演员发声的状态，自己找一段快板试试，体会声音的弹性。

4、练唱音阶法

声音音高与声带张力成正比例。

如果想提高音高，就须加强声带张力。反之则减弱。所以，进行音高的变化练习能有效地发展和增强声带伸缩变化的控制能力。

其中最有效的练习办法是利用钢琴来练唱音阶，在自己力所能及的音域内半度半度地下降，半度半度地上升，进行反复练习。没有条件的则可借鉴京剧演员喊嗓子的练声法，做绕音练习，从基础音开始，逐渐地向高、低音两头扩展。

发音中的情声气

语言是传递信息和交流思想情感的工具，存在于人际交流的有声语言情感，语声和气息是一个系统中的几个方面。

情:是指在播音过程中播音员服务于播，讲目的由具体稿件或者话题引发，并由有声语言表达出来，始终运动着情感情，情我们进行播音创作的依据。

声:声是播音员依据稿件或话题，使发声器官运用播音技巧所发出的表达思想情感包含大量信息，并通过电声设备进行传播，经过科学训练的规范化艺术化的有声语言。

气：气指的是在播音过程中未时有声，语言传情达意，播音员所控制自如使用胸腹式联合呼吸法所获得的发生动力。

情声气要求

1、情感需要具备最丰富的并能随时调动起来的思想情感，一方面播音员节目主持人要不断的加强自己的修养，锻炼和培养自己的政治艺术素养，使自己具备宽广的胸怀、纯真的情操、美好的憧憬、深邃的境界、蓬勃的志趣、灵动的活力等等，另一方面调动起来的运动者的思想情感一定要服从于稿件或话题的界定，服务于播讲目的。

2、对声音的要求是要能够充分的表达各类不同稿件所确定的不同层次，不同色彩的情感，能清晰明确的传递稿件所载有的所有信息，并具有各自声音形象特点。

3、播音发声对气息的要求是能符合播音员进行播音创作的要求，有一定力度呼吸控制自如完美的配合发声的气息。

总之，情感要取其高声音要取其中气息，要取其深以达到自整，腔圆清晰持久，刚柔自如声情并茂的境地。

发声练习常见的问题及矫正方法

虚声过多

主要表现：声音不实在，有些无力，没有足够的亮度和响度。

矫正方法：虚声过多的学生，要注意锻炼唇舌的力度，练习一些响亮实在的词语和绕口令，如“百步穿杨”“中国伟大”等力度较大的词组，以及绕口令《八百标兵》《白庙和白猫》等。新闻播音当中，基本以实声为主，一般不出现虚声，而且换气声不要太大。

声音过于靠后

主要表现：声音沉重，不明亮。发声过程中也容易疲劳和不适。

矫正方法：注意“两头紧中间松”，口腔和小腹加强控制，喉部保持松弛。舌根要灵活，不要太生硬。注意与口腔共鸣的调节方法相结合。

鼻音偏重

主要表现：声音暗淡，不响亮，影响语言的清晰度。

矫正方法：注意软腭挺起，牙关打开，减少过多的气流经过鼻腔。克服口腔、双唇的无力状态，保持积极的播音状态，不可过于懒散。

声音分散

主要表现：声音不集中，不饱满，冲击力不强。

矫正方法：在发声的时候注意嘴唇中间三分之一部分用力，力量不可过于分散。注意气流冲击硬腭前端，也就是我们说的声挂硬腭，使声音更集中，更有冲击力。

缺乏弹性

主要表现：声音缺乏变化，没有抑扬顿挫的对比。

矫正方法：加强对比训练，包括高与低，快与慢的对比训练等。高与低的训练，可以练习声音的爬高与降低。比如“伟大的祖国，伟大的人民”这句话，可以先逐渐升高地说，然后再逐级下降地说，体会声音的高低变化，丰富声音的层次。快与慢的训练，可以用不同速度来说一句话。比如“班干部不管班干部”这句话，可以分别用快速和慢速来练习，体会快与慢的变化。声音弹性的获得还需要情感的支撑，加强情声气结合。

日常学习方法

朗读朗诵

读书，大声读书。天天坚持朗读文章，既训练咬字敏捷清楚，又能掌握更多文学常识，更关键的是对播音大有益处，清喉扩胸，纳乾坤之气，成皓然之身。需要多读相关著作文章，每日坚持朗读三十分钟以上。

录像练习

倘若时间需要，每过一阵子，把声音和演讲内容进行视频拍摄，接着反复观看，探讨哪里存在问题导致卡壳，姿势和神情是否不自然，久而久之，口才以及心态表现都会有明显进步。

速读

找来一则演说稿或一则其辞优美散文片段。先把原文中不明白的字、词弄明白，接着开始朗读。通常刚开始朗读速率比较慢，之后逐次逐次加快，直到你能够做到的最快速率。朗读过程中不可以有间断，读音要准确无误，咬字要清楚，要尽可能保证发音的完整。速读一定要建立在咬字清楚、读音干净整齐的前提上。大伙儿都有听过体育频道的解说员的解说，他们的解说就让人有快而不乱的感觉，每个字、每个音都发得十分清楚，没有含混不清的地方。播音希望做到的快也就是这种快，咬字清楚，而不是只为快而快。

即兴读物

日常余暇时，随意拿张旧报纸，随机翻到一段话，接着一鼓作气读下来。在朗读过程中，尽量控制上半句看稿子，下半句离开稿子看前面(假设前面有听众)。长此以往能加强记忆力，提高理解和即兴构思能力。

转述法

转述法就是把他人说的话重新地讲述一次。需要找一位伙伴一同进行。第一步，请另一方随便讲一个话题，亦或是故事。自己需注意聆听。然后再向另一方转述一次。练习在于训练语言的衔接性、实地临场发挥能力以及语言表达组织能力。倘若能面对观众转述就更佳，还能够训练你的胆量，摆脱焦虑不安心理。

模仿

大多数人自小便会模仿父母或大人说话。实际上模仿的过程也是一种学习。儿时学讲话是向父母及身边人学习。那么，练习口才同样也可以利用模仿法，对有相关专场的人模仿，如电视主持。久而久之，口语表达能力也会有所提高。

①模仿特定个人。生活上找一位语言表达能力强的人，请他讲些精彩说话，拍摄下来，供你进行模仿。也可以把你喜欢又适合模仿的主播、艺人、相声家等的表演记录下来进行模仿。

嗓音的保护

科学练声

1、练声过程必须按照：“以情带声、以声传情、以情运气、气随情动；以情用声、声随情变；声情并茂、传情达意”的要求来进行。

2、在练习时，要注意发“暖声”，状态应该积极热情，面部呈“似微笑”状。同时还应该把握住练声的顺序，那就是—声音由小到大、由弱渐强、由低至高、由近及远、由实转虚、由短到长、由柔到刚。有些人在用声时喉部负担过重，有的胸口僵硬、气息沉不下来，还有的人声音过刚过直等等，这类要尽快改掉毛病，掌握科学的发声方法，通过大量练习完成量变到质变的过程。

3、避免超时超量超负荷运作，一般来说，晨练控制在20分钟至半小时为宜，主要目的是把嗓子练开、练舒服，切不可盲目加大嗓音运动量。在嗓音疲劳的时候，可以用气泡音来帮助消除疲劳。气泡音是弱气流冲击声带，声带在压力最自然的状态下发出的音，是一种很好的声带保健方法。

它的具体做法是这样的，喉要放松，喉结处于适中的位置，气吸到五到七成，发出比较明亮的颗粒性比较强的气泡音。最好以“啊”音的延长音作为练习材料【a----------】【a----------】【a-------------】。如果一时发不好，可以反复做几次伸舌的动作，把舌头用力地向外伸，张大口，这样可以起到调节喉结紧张度的作用。在喉部松弛的情况下再来发音。气泡音在练声前发可以起到活动开声带的作用，在练声后发能起到保健按摩的作用。在练声前后常做此练习可以有效的提高发声的效率。

日常注意事项

1、根据自身的嗓音条件，扬长避短、量力而行、循序渐进、持之以恒。一般来说，只要方法科学，练习得法，好嗓子是可以练出来的。

2、增强体育锻炼。发音器官健康与否，很大程度上取决于身体的健康状况。对于播音员主持人以及其他学习者来说，适当的增强耐力性的体育锻炼，例如跑步等等，能有效地提高我们呼吸肌肉群对于气息的控制力，从而大大提高发声的效率。

3、睡眠要充足，睡眠不足会引起声带充血、喉肌疲劳，致使声音黯淡嘶哑。

4、养成良好的生活习惯、饮食习惯。要避免烟酒刺激，抽烟会使声带粘膜干燥、充血、肥厚，使喉下分泌物增多，从而引起声音变低、音色昏暗沙哑等等。饮酒除了辛辣对喉部的直接刺激以外，还会使大脑以及发声器官功能失调。进行嗓音工作前半小时最好不要吃油腻的食品，否则容易造成嗓子不清爽、发粘。

5、女生例假期间，不要高声练习，最好少用嗓，因为这期间往往伴随声带充血、水肿，如果高声练习，容易产生声带小结。这时可以做些无声练习，例如唇舌力量、口腔开合度以及气息训练等等。

6、剧烈运动后不宜喝冷饮。人在运动时，声带处于发热充血状态。这时如果喝冷饮，声带遇冷会不正常收缩，长此以往，容易引起声带的病变。

总之，好的嗓子是按照科学的方法，经过严格的训练得来的。使用与保护是同时进行的，切不可盲目使用而不去保护，长此以往，声音变坏，甚至患严重喉疾病，被迫离开播音主持岗位，就很可惜了。

心理素质的培养

1、播音主持人在紧张的压力下会出现一系列相应的系统变化，如声带绷紧导致声音变高、变窄、声音抖动，呼吸急促导致气浅气浮；身体姿势和动作会发生变化，协作变得不自然，笨拙甚至僵硬；思维也会变得混乱等。

2、良好的心理素质是播音主持人需要具备的职业素养之一。在播音前，首先要克服紧张的情绪。紧张的情绪很多时候是自信心不足造成的，要增强自信心就需要播音主持人对节目的全过程有总体的把握，同时对可能出现的问题要考虑周全，设定出应对措施。

3、在发声时，让声音准确、清晰、流畅，富于表现力和感染力的前提是优秀的心理素质。充足的自信心可以鼓舞士气，使身心处于亢奋状态，促使大脑的积极思考，反应敏捷。

学习途径

大学

在播音领域排名第一的是中国传媒大学，其次是浙江传媒大学，如果有志于学习播音的同学，可以以上面两所学校，作为自己的目标。

校外的实体学校

因为播音方面的学习，不像英语班或者学生学习的补习班那样的普及，这方面的学校一个省也就那么几个吧，不是太多的，非常的稀少，而这方面的市场需求又很大，所以这一块学习的相关支出是非常大的。

自学

自学播音主持是可以的，但是比较难，需要找对方法并认真学习。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"对于很多热爱播音的人来说，学习播音不仅能让人具备更好的表达能力、思考能力、沟通能力、组织协调以及领导能力，而且学得好，可以实现当播音主持的梦想。那么如何学播音呢？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKQ0mCi6QmeCiEVCoSASpSg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"什么是播音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8IQos808SykemqDi6GcUKh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音定义","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng8e02Ya0aGosMFKSZ346xe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音的定义有广义和狭义的区分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm0eIq2kiOeo6w6lSRd6NwM"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"广义：指电台、电视台等电子传媒所进行的一切有关声音语言和副语言传播信息的活动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn48WCsaAiy4gIUVUbJkINTc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"狭义：播音员和节目主持人运用有声语言和副语言，通过广播电视传媒进行传播信息的创作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMkcCIoUgOigQeA6kdlw1od"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":584,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"播音定义","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e20e7d8d37804569829ca3dc289c4266","width":1036},"text":"","id":"doxcnmOsCGeEoYkygQFqJ58ebJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8yaaCGiSieIIJTcnR81ee"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音的要求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8gAUicKiiYgeMU6mea4gvR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音正确,吐字正确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQyW8M8oKOAcOQh6UIbzoCb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用标准的普通话播读，特别要注意多音多义字，古诗文中特别要注意按意定音。不添字不少字不读破句，朗读清晰完整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG48AuiWgcGaiOSg5eReJ4g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"语速适当,用心感受","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn48sqQ6QQuMGsKLM1WtQiW6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要抓住文章特点，使节奏流利和谐，缓急结合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8k0UceYa04acJxxeh2K5FT"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"语调生动,轻重适宜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmOKoyIC6OO4OYjqTU0yeie"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根据需要，分出轻重缓急，分清抑扬顿挫，表达出文章的思想感情。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu0MsKoIkCECwo7RXn1VK9b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":450,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"语调生动,轻重适宜","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2a376655c146424dbb5ccb8fc1381c1f","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnEWuQCyewgEawHVyXrWOgE7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCU4aoieqyOaYNHTKq0Qnhu"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音学习技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMGqIaoCqOguoyus43oK0ib"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对播音员而言，具备良好的语言表达能力犹如进入这一行的钥匙，假如无法打开这道门，就无法担任播音主持的工作。想要","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"具备娴熟的语言表达能力、专业化的播音能力，就需播音员通过长时间努力练习及不断探索","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEyOyqEQ6w06UD7S02oUvkq"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"普通话标准","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Qi8wiaAOqOo2VIFEvwSrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"普通话标准是播音主持上岗的基本条件，如何达到普通话标准呢？主要可以从以下几个方面着手。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsq2s6A00OGuAwf9cS66pXd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"声母","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuYse8e4a42yaCwMtn8jqPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"声母包含b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h、j、q、x、z、c、s、zh、ch、shi、r","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAQsMAwgoyMq687kEaCpoye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"声母按发音部位的分7类：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniuQ2syuUWKGAaWD98guzVb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、双唇阻:上唇与下唇成阻。下唇向上运动与上唇接触，双唇闭拢成阻。双唇阻声母有b、p、m。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaSqWCIoA6wSae4H8sy3hjR"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、唇齿阻:上门齿与下唇成阻。上唇稍抬，稍露出上齿，下唇向上，唇缘线与上门齿靠拢、接触成阻。唇齿阻声母有f。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWWcgU068iKcysHNQZEz1ib"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、舌尖前阻:舌尖与上门齿背成阻。舌尖平伸，与上门齿背接触或接近成阻。舌尖前阻声母有z、c、s。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMEggASY02SsGK4rdtOCOmf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、舌尖中阻:舌尖与上门齿龈成阻。舌尖向前上方抬起与上门齿龈接触、抵住成阻。舌尖中阻声母有d、t、n、l。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWSGcGwAAMiuEsdrMzC8yEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、舌尖后阻:舌尖与前硬腭成阻。舌体稍向后缩，舌尖向上方翘起，与硬腭前部接触或接近成阻。舌尖后阻声母有zh、ch、sh、r。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkIyQsuYw4a20CaOiAsIbMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、舌面阻:舌面前部与硬腭前部成阻。舌尖向下前伸抵住下齿背，舌面向上抬起，接触或接近硬腭前部成阻。舌面阻声母有j、q、x。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqm2CC8ckE62WO42xKGUmDb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、舌根阻:舌根与硬腭软腭交界处成阻。舌体后缩，舌根隆起与硬腭和软腭交界处接触或接近成阻。舌根阻声母有g、k、h。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKUwIC8CCoyYaknQTBP6hJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"韵母","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniOwEISookeekyUntzscm2d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按汉语语音学的传统分析方法，把汉语音节中声母以后的部分叫韵母。韵母由单元音或复合音充当，普通话中有39个别韵母。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG6IuOgmqa6Y068bp5Mab5f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、10个单韵母：a、o、e、ê、i、u、ü、-i（前）、-i（后）、er","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQUUUCugmG8i0UUx3QGqmfc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、13个复韵母：ai、ei、ao、ou、ia、ie、ua、uo、üe、iao、iou、uai、uei","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn22GqeKsko8EK41ykNGsbnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、16个鼻韵母8前8后：an、en、in、ün、ian、uan、üan、uen、","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuqUywGIy0a8MUzVfadKEsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ang、eng、ing、ong、iong、iang、uang、ueng","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYEaiOiMqes0ukp8w2M9oTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":537,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"韵母","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/20cb2f4943434647bd64a1f6060e4a2e","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcnuEycEq8c06M0oXfPEsSude"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"调值","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOIKuiEGa8M6ScJ1vNqxWaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"声调是汉语音节结构中不可缺少的成分，它同声母、韵母一样，有区别意义的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOuGGCWww6SCE4GaNFMg3Q6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"调值是指音节声调的相对音高。调值通常采用“五度标记法”记录，用一条竖线表示声音的高低，从下面最低点到最高点共分为五度，分别用1、2、3、4、5依次表示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOoSyWCeY8482KQ0Bx604vd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"普通话各类声调的调值为：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnickoGMCqm2EIyeqeya43Xf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"阴平：高平调，55","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUGKOw8Igu8gQcQaJKBWFrb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"阳平：高升调，35","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWaOYeSM0yM2OmWa9prVTg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上声：降升调，214","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGguGKSWm8EUIsTYKLq9ijf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"去声：全降调，51","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2g2S0sGum20w6xlg07JKKe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":570,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"调值","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/24e822024d284a1891f388f97908f858","width":828},"text":"","id":"doxcnMsQoYYWGaCw4uAPNN73rzb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaUeCUciKeKYOkBnha4sR0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、练习绕口令","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnss6IiqIu0AmsGSYeqYeich"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通过绕口令练习，可以提高口语能力，把握住文字发音音准，学好拼音字母，掌握发音部位，反复进行训练，让自己普通话的发音准确度更高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmycM24CiKY6QsM8Y9yiVhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、制定训练计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY40qS2QIow4I8qLOuaoGJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要有计划的进行普通话训练，了解自己的基础，制定合理的计划，规定每天的练习量，以周为单位，在不断训练中查找不足，并不断提升。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMgekkQqUsy8k6g0nPatdof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、掌握训练要领","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMs6goemswaAOq2w7rhRe2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"坚持用普通话进行日常会话，可以读一些报纸上的文章，或者拿出词典，多多进行发音练习，提高发音准度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneW8MysAam6YicXlVzHoxJc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":300,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"练习方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/acc2adaf0ca94163904c39cf31e3eec0","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnk6QQgSuCGgEKUPijS7GWlc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"气息控制","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniCKm004WwEqKSEEn5EK87g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"气息控制是播音从业人员需要达到的最基本要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoUgE6AIkOYe4eq6Kpgk4fb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音发声气息的要求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKg8kMm0YqqeqUbJmXlXLWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一、持久的气息控制能力","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOiu4EEIwY6ko6VBsNqpe67"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"气息控制是作为一个播音员的基本的条件，如果播音员播一篇长篇的稿件时要求声音由始至终保持一定力度，不减不衰，从容不迫，这就要求对气息有持久的控制能力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSuSK0cYu8Qu4kbw4e4SfId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"二、气息控制要有稳劲儿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAOgg4kcu0MMG4yqXdrCwPj"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音员要根据节目内容的要求调节气息压力，该强就强、该弱就弱，吸气量要大于日常说话，呼气时要保持较为稳定的压力，调节自如。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqOguqKMyyEs4I5wXwkbzyg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三、能做到快吸慢呼，并能根据需要及时补气","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSwqy2usOiGmkG0YtgHEwcf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"播音语言，一般句子长度比口语长，结构比较复杂，间歇比口语少而短。要把每个句子播得完整而有层次，就需要按照句子结构用气，绝不能因气不够用而停下来吸气，要求播音员呼气的持续时间要尽量长，而且要掌握在句子进行中补气、偷气的技巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuwoiAwUY0GASEFKOEiIdk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lan（拼音小兰），一声声渐渐远去，或者数数1、2、3、4……，嘴上用力，发音之间不要闭住声门，不要跑气换气，数得越多越好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng8iyoEyykm22CsVTJE5nAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、快吸慢呼，快速短促地吸气，并保持气息，呼气时缓缓呼出，配合声音，平稳均匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8KKUSk8yaISEYF36pQWzsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"呼气时，可以通过以下发声练习：巴、拔、把、爸、低、答、底、大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoQQKWYaSUcgOsnOUvrmiKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"换气时，可以进行以下练习：广场上，红旗飘，看你能数多少旗，一面旗、两面旗、三面旗、四面、五面旗……，相声小品里的“数来宝”经常用这个形式，大家可以观察演员的呼吸。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2eiSo46Wq66kUZUmE18XSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni6oYcqmgEKKC0PdiMZVQN5"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":377,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"播音发声气息控制具体实施方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b8ba113e2df949d9ba1bd306d39a09ad","width":589},"text":"","id":"doxcnqoAyAe6qm0gciMFhE0Zp0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、强控制练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnk8aS0kg6m4ckmESCKGRhmh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要求气要吸得深并保持一定量，呼气要均匀、通畅、灵活。强控制练习需要一点声乐练习知识，在这里不好介绍。大家可以回想：《智取威虎山》里杨子荣喝酒唱歌那一段，最后结尾有个“啊—哈、哈、哈、哈哈哈……”基本的感觉就是这样。要体会膈肌和腹肌的作用，发声的时候气息是应该下沉的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOyuMG6SggaU66CBu3QuMEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"参考练习诗词：岳飞《满江红》、毛泽东《忆秦娥·娄山关》、陈然《我的“自白”书》，新闻联播播音员在播报简讯的时候，一般都用强控制。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc6iSwAUMgKIWIhlc3GDZlh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"三、弱控制练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQsCQSOwGWCkYKONR4rNmNd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、吸气深呼气匀。缓慢持续地发出ai、uai、uang、iang四个音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsseW4woWao8Io55wUQmHpd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、夸大声调，延长发音，控制气息。花红柳绿","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"H—ua、H—ong、L—iu、L—","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"v（发音时，声母和韵母之间气息拉长，要均匀、不断气）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG8KgQ4QW24EqIjSOx3Dpvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、通过夸大连续，控制气息，扩展音域。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc2066YeCYoWuA5axY6L29f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"参考练习诗词：李白《静夜思》、孟浩然《春晓》等。气息控制训练可以把握“深（吸得深）、匀（呼得匀）、通（气通畅）、活（用灵活）”四字方针，注意气息和内容的结合。单纯的语音、气息训练效果并不好，需要大家在实际朗读过程中不断体会、运用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngoyaSYCSisK6i7xYaI3EOa"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":277,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"播音发声气息控制具体实施方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ba87e92bdc874c9fb5a9c16bd620ef93","width":443},"text":"","id":"doxcnIkUukwQUu0CgymKAWjZCMe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"共鸣控制","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8OgeOEoSYYOg82d11hV6Ac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"共鸣对于播音发声的重要性体现在播音是以言语发声的过程，要想声音圆润集中，需要改变共鸣条件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuWWs4mEMssgaiG60jbgk0g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"共鸣控制要领","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu4KYESoMqy6wmg7qqYQzY4"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根据解剖学原理，共鸣器官能够受控并随意活动的是软腭、咽部和舌部，共鸣控制主要关注这三部门肌肉的活动组成结果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4IESICikGE4SOuqSjPYOZf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、提起颧肌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEoU4Y8SSUQ4KuwQOuWvKZc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"颧肌稍带紧张感，使该部位肌肉向外上方稍稍提起，这就是提颧肌。提颧肌能使我们的发音更清晰、明亮。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCUwyWIGi2uCiQJ4I9gi6pb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、打开牙","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6QOMAkeSgosgUD0kLFtG5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"指双侧上后槽牙保持向上提起的感觉。这样就加大了口腔开度丰富了共鸣。考生可以用含有“Q”的音节来做夸张的练习，将会取得明显效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW2qMQWiiSC4gCEFzJnRSsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、放松下巴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSMmMsoaioaCKGKA0tgxnth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下巴紧张会导致舌根和喉头的紧张，进而导致发声吃力，声音也将发紧，有意的放松下巴就会使我们的发声吐字更加自如。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnag6mESMUCWeAyq0bhQ3sSh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"共鸣分类及训练","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKQyq4M0gSewOCkzz5DU9tc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、口腔共鸣：口腔共鸣的获得是要在发音时，口腔自然上下打开，笑肌微提，下腭自然放下稍后拉，上腭有上提的感觉。口腔共鸣发声最主要的一点，是发声的时候鼻咽要关闭，不产生鼻泄露。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCK242aIESIYoaCmdGmiNKh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通过下列练习大家可以体会一下，基本都是以开口元音为主练习：ba、da、ga、pa、ta、ka、peng、pa、pi、pu、pai。普通话的四个声调，准确的叫法是第一声—阴平，第二声—阳平，第三声—上声，第四声—去声。我们在进行声音训练的时候，多用阴平声调进行，这样有利于体会声音和气息。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYq4Y68kwoiGW0wUFLK6FBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"词组练习：澎湃、冰雹、拍照、平静、批评，哗啦啦、噼啪啪、咣啷啷、扑嗵嗵、胡噜噜、快乐、宣纸、挫折、菊花、捐助、吹捧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmSI2MMiiKYIc2JsxMuGGBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"绕口令：山上五株树，架上五壶醋，林中五只鹿，柜中五条裤，伐了山上树，取下架上醋，捉住林中鹿，拿出柜中裤。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwo8CQUQ28uMSS2MaOYv3Kd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、鼻腔共鸣：鼻腔共鸣是声波在鼻骨上的振动，即将声音的焦点定位在鼻腔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI2UmU8a8w2uukRBDbSJs0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻腔共鸣是通过软腭来实现的，标准的鼻辅音m，n和ng就是这样发声的。有人觉得鼻音重显得声音好听、有厚度，但是过多的鼻音有如感冒，是不好的。发a、i、u的音，加点鼻腔共鸣体会，加鼻辅音ma、mi、mu、na、ni、nu。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKuQKkkW4UUYeoFaepZ750c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"词组练习：妈妈、光芒、中央、接纳、头脑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneamQWggW4uy4u6cD6C5iYc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蓝蓝的天上白云飘，白云下面马儿跑，挥动鞭儿响四方，百鸟齐飞翔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0sAWusKK44myWKSLISMkNh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、胸腔共鸣：是指声带振动激起气管内空气柱振动而传送到肺再扩及整个胸腔引起共振产生的整个共鸣包括横隔膜以上至气管顶端的整个脑区。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsaGkc2kEmcoqWIBqB8Kqeb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"胸腔的空间及共鸣能量大，发出的声音有深度和宽度，声音更浑厚、宽广。“a”元音直上、直下、滑动练习。词组练习：百炼成钢、翻江倒海、追悔莫及。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIQmQsOksqwG0iiC6g7rnDe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小柳树满地栽，金花谢，银花开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIy8W2oU8KCg1rcQLXD1bcu"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":300,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"共鸣分类及训练","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3a3b97baf4a34bc1abc921726774778c","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnICoiWOKeAo8IOqMkQcu7Oh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音的弹性","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkk2sEuII88o8Qxb0snvEne"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音弹性，是指播音时声音形式对不同播讲内容和形式的适应能力。声音弹性包括声音的高与低、强与弱、实与虚、明与暗、刚与柔、厚与薄、纵与收等多层次对比变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne2MiAWA0wUQE6somUzgVgg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音弹性的特点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIsO4kUqCQ4C2uKjRgucrfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、可变性，不同语调和情感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6CIo8SyUceSAaMgUtT9Xsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、对比性，有起有伏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkso4AGE8OOOiCEA2t2WQqe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、复合性，不会单独存在，是多种结合的，如虚低，高实。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8wOiKAoyeCAiYFTeqMYRle"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音弹性训练方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEkkimyM80iEaAxVtZ4Ggae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、虚实练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmikKGSEG4sWqEBKISBwABe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虚实练声方法是：吸一口气，然后屏住呼吸，让声门保持在闭合状态，开始发音，此时声音是响亮的实声。然后逐渐打开声门，声音由明亮到柔和的音色变化，这个时候注意体会喉咙的感觉，刚柔、厚薄、明暗等变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmWeGsQ4qiMEokTwAJI4Lid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、高低声练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwu4mecEsws48m8fZDUNsOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"a、i、u由低音向上滑动，再从高音向下滑动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsaycc2SEAckK8TdWavwg8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这个练习主要可以锻炼自己对于音色的精细识别能力和控制能力，可以在自己不断的练习中感受。可以进行不同音高的朗读练习。用一句话，或一首诗，变化着不同的音高来进行练习。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyCWWGMSaAG8Ivezah1u0rU"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如：“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天。”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK0QUas08wISU2tGbpVVvDn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"先用习惯音高朗读一遍，然后逐渐降低音调朗读，读到不太能胜任的音高时又逐渐提高音调读，也是读到自己还能胜任的最高音为止。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwOg6i0MqQOuICmpqfHhpde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、强弱练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQQiioy0EUaqyOklSXJKbXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"远距离对话练习，练习时随时改变距离。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuiQGY4Uk4IIYAzM9UkTdte"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"甲：喂—，喂—，小芳—","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneqkgKOeCC0mm6b4CjsS8ld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"乙：嗳—","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOyMoOw6OAm8ImUULp4SNxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"甲：快—来—啊—","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSA2IsYkqKOoieq7SVTbdSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"乙：怎么了—呀—","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqu4MgwMGgy0CEVo1A9f79d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"甲：一起去看—电—影—吧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngYmu4Mk84o0C0CB9ZFwJbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"乙：好—啊！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2MeUgyYUauCgOyqrlUl6Cd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"夸张声音练习法：注意加大运动幅度，用丹田气发声。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIomUmGio6wIKqmUQDFQ97c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"快板是最明显的例子，想象说快板的演员发声的状态，自己找一段快板试试，体会声音的弹性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmC2IiSOCiUcS2nXeJ5PrFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、练唱音阶法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmKY8cuoOKESEkBlcoZTsOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音音高与声带张力成正比例。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG2sMAymU64wgGWdPSlU55b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果想提高音高，就须加强声带张力。反之则减弱。所以，进行音高的变化练习能有效地发展和增强声带伸缩变化的控制能力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEWmo8emuMIEe2bdktNV68g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其中最有效的练习办法是利用钢琴来练唱音阶，在自己力所能及的音域内半度半度地下降，半度半度地上升，进行反复练习。没有条件的则可借鉴京剧演员喊嗓子的练声法，做绕音练习，从基础音开始，逐渐地向高、低音两头扩展。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmOQsyiWC60EE6Xg4ykJNBd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":715,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"声音弹性训练方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f99e97717b7d4b93bc9cc5b8d79a3c0c","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnkGYGsUo4GUQUoRW8cYKD65"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音中的情声气","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4SOOOmCM4k20SOvXpqPzGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"语言是传递信息和交流思想情感的工具，存在于人际交流的有声语言情感，语声和气息是一个系统中的几个方面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCaM0u6sG6gaqs5GUq5hdig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"情:是指在播音过程中播音员服务于播，讲目的由具体稿件或者话题引发，并由有声语言表达出来，始终运动着情感情，情我们进行播音创作的依据。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0A888y04IoYsK8DFcP40gd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"声:声是播音员依据稿件或话题，使发声器官运用播音技巧所发出的表达思想情感包含大量信息，并通过电声设备进行传播，经过科学训练的规范化艺术化的有声语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUUUiACwUeqIiUvrXAR7B5g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"气：气指的是在播音过程中未时有声，语言传情达意，播音员所控制自如使用胸腹式联合呼吸法所获得的发生动力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni8eW8IGEayiwewaXOZUoah"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"情声气要求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncwS0IKmEKquIy2TOxZk0Od"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、情感需要具备最丰富的并能随时调动起来的思想情感，一方面播音员节目主持人要不断的加强自己的修养，锻炼和培养自己的政治艺术素养，使自己具备宽广的胸怀、纯真的情操、美好的憧憬、深邃的境界、蓬勃的志趣、灵动的活力等等，另一方面调动起来的运动者的思想情感一定要服从于稿件或话题的界定，服务于播讲目的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsu2cQyyauUQ6SGzGtoQLpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、对声音的要求是要能够充分的表达各类不同稿件所确定的不同层次，不同色彩的情感，能清晰明确的传递稿件所载有的所有信息，并具有各自声音形象特点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngKK8084WUUoiMJT8pHJINc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、播音发声对气息的要求是能符合播音员进行播音创作的要求，有一定力度呼吸控制自如完美的配合发声的气息。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAiimu8gkyYAme2chiPoybf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"总之，情感要取其高声音要取其中气息，要取其深以达到自整，腔圆清晰持久，刚柔自如声情并茂的境地。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwOIAkQc4eGkWW4SF8F7Huc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":356,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"情声气要求","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6a704f2ad3d0469f9e035f26e9d6ce3c","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnSgQMoCiEIoQaqqo1cnWoZf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发声练习常见的问题及矫正方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaagU68e8AiCK6u7Crz4vrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"虚声过多","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc0cM4cWGGuMOADBF0eJjUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主要表现：声音不实在，有些无力，没有足够的亮度和响度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQOQcqyqcM4KyWMvPSzyXig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"矫正方法：虚声过多的学生，要注意锻炼唇舌的力度，练习一些响亮实在的词语和绕口令，如“百步穿杨”“中国伟大”等力度较大的词组，以及绕口令《八百标兵》《白庙和白猫》等。新闻播音当中，基本以实声为主，一般不出现虚声，而且换气声不要太大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSCKmkMMkee0wiiBhMHxLab"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音过于靠后","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSsw004u6uQwyojuiGGJ4Ec"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主要表现：声音沉重，不明亮。发声过程中也容易疲劳和不适。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng226EEwgOOGyas1wPqwCLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"矫正方法：注意“两头紧中间松”，口腔和小腹加强控制，喉部保持松弛。舌根要灵活，不要太生硬。注意与口腔共鸣的调节方法相结合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqggIgeKqW4UiykRqr0PqGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音偏重","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQqiEyGOSm2ms1oE5SqXfpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主要表现：声音暗淡，不响亮，影响语言的清晰度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkIoMiWoUUyy0C81fLun4Ng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"矫正方法：注意软腭挺起，牙关打开，减少过多的气流经过鼻腔。克服口腔、双唇的无力状态，保持积极的播音状态，不可过于懒散。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmq8ec6gkKW4yMLugGc51cv"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"声音分散","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnESOyiOK46g4EZGnfRWyfEd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主要表现：声音不集中，不饱满，冲击力不强。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0iAQOCUmmwGwH3Qsed2Jxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"矫正方法：在发声的时候注意嘴唇中间三分之一部分用力，力量不可过于分散。注意气流冲击硬腭前端，也就是我们说的声挂硬腭，使声音更集中，更有冲击力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKq6U2SqqQ4AYW8oIwSEswf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"缺乏弹性","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngQccMwGseoGYoJMRLpi47b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主要表现：声音缺乏变化，没有抑扬顿挫的对比。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwquQaww06wAAQf4qtQARAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"矫正方法：加强对比训练，包括高与低，快与慢的对比训练等。高与低的训练，可以练习声音的爬高与降低。比如“伟大的祖国，伟大的人民”这句话，可以先逐渐升高地说，然后再逐级下降地说，体会声音的高低变化，丰富声音的层次。快与慢的训练，可以用不同速度来说一句话。比如“班干部不管班干部”这句话，可以分别用快速和慢速来练习，体会快与慢的变化。声音弹性的获得还需要情感的支撑，加强情声气结合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnccCUuI6OC0c6ymTj7tyCBc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":476,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"缺乏弹性","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f22e64303de543959ec58d632e19ba1e","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnI8wkwsys2o2MWY3vts0YZc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日常学习方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOmQM6KQIiiUkcNB3KgGQ9d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"朗读朗诵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwYqeIs2iOIoMYVCWzx5zFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"读书，大声读书。天天坚持朗读文章，既训练咬字敏捷清楚，又能掌握更多文学常识，更关键的是对播音大有益处，清喉扩胸，纳乾坤之气，成皓然之身。需要多读相关著作文章，每日坚持朗读三十分钟以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniIuYCAOGKcYiykgjdMFhAc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"录像练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0SWy6GQEOUGoqOGHd29Gbb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"倘若时间需要，每过一阵子，把声音和演讲内容进行视频拍摄，接着反复观看，探讨哪里存在问题导致卡壳，姿势和神情是否不自然，久而久之，口才以及心态表现都会有明显进步。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG4a4woWigqE8IfQkXzFxfd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"速读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK6coaei62akaaQDcTDuM9y"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"找来一则演说稿或一则其辞优美散文片段。先把原文中不明白的字、词弄明白，接着开始朗读。通常刚开始朗读速率比较慢，之后逐次逐次加快，直到你能够做到的最快速率。朗读过程中不可以有间断，读音要准确无误，咬字要清楚，要尽可能保证发音的完整。速读一定要建立在咬字清楚、读音干净整齐的前提上。大伙儿都有听过体育频道的解说员的解说，他们的解说就让人有快而不乱的感觉，每个字、每个音都发得十分清楚，没有含混不清的地方。播音希望做到的快也就是这种快，咬字清楚，而不是只为快而快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8OUAMSQisMc2WIf4ycOvPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"即兴读物","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni8oEEC4aUgQ8AjCNEKQz2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"日常余暇时，随意拿张旧报纸，随机翻到一段话，接着一鼓作气读下来。在朗读过程中，尽量控制上半句看稿子，下半句离开稿子看前面(假设前面有听众)。长此以往能加强记忆力，提高理解和即兴构思能力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngc8MaY046QQyCI1wtyUWrC"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"转述法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyCIGqMSuGkIyc5WA1sTzWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"转述法就是把他人说的话重新地讲述一次。需要找一位伙伴一同进行。第一步，请另一方随便讲一个话题，亦或是故事。自己需注意聆听。然后再向另一方转述一次。练习在于训练语言的衔接性、实地临场发挥能力以及语言表达组织能力。倘若能面对观众转述就更佳，还能够训练你的胆量，摆脱焦虑不安心理。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaeM8YOA8mckoMpIWRxd73g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncEA0yEIeWOSCsIUz73Rn6p"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大多数人自小便会模仿父母或大人说话","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。实际上模仿的过程也是一种学习。儿时学讲话是向父母及身边人学习。那么，练习口才同样也可以利用模仿法，对有相关专场的人模仿，如电视主持。久而久之，口语表达能力也会有所提高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOSUG6EmUkSueGmGh5BLR3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①模仿特定个人。生活上找一位语言表达能力强的人，请他讲些精彩说话，拍摄下来，供你进行模仿。也可以把你喜欢又适合模仿的主播、艺人、相声家等的表演记录下来进行模仿。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna0MkuQ68GsoCobRZbxlXnf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":800,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2d740719019e41349497421a5a977604","width":1200},"text":"","id":"doxcnKwSoKS0gKqU6s3lY40tkUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"嗓音的保护","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4gIi488YUiKWes0BiuU4bb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"科学练声","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqY08UwMYssgIa9hokXUzXK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、练声过程必须按照：“以情带声、以声传情、以情运气、气随情动；以情用声、声随情变；声情并茂、传情达意”的要求来进行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEUUUA0G6uOYQsfEPim187c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、在练习时，要注意发“暖声”，状态应该积极热情，面部呈“似微笑”状。同时还应该把握住练声的顺序，那就是—声音由小到大、由弱渐强、由低至高、由近及远、由实转虚、由短到长、由柔到刚。有些人在用声时喉部负担过重，有的胸口僵硬、气息沉不下来，还有的人声音过刚过直等等，这类要尽快改掉毛病，掌握科学的发声方法，通过大量练习完成量变到质变的过程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwMyoIu2aIIKGkvS6FRS1Jh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、避免超时超量超负荷运作，一般来说，晨练控制在20分钟至半小时为宜，主要目的是把嗓子练开、练舒服，切不可盲目加大嗓音运动量。在嗓音疲劳的时候，可以用气泡音来帮助消除疲劳。气泡音是弱气流冲击声带，声带在压力最自然的状态下发出的音，是一种很好的声带保健方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncyW28ayIO0uEYf22aN9a6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它的具体做法是这样的，喉要放松，喉结处于适中的位置，气吸到五到七成，发出比较明亮的颗粒性比较强的气泡音。最好以“啊”音的延长音作为练习材料【a----------】【a----------】【a-------------】。如果一时发不好，可以反复做几次伸舌的动作，把舌头用力地向外伸，张大口，这样可以起到调节喉结紧张度的作用。在喉部松弛的情况下再来发音。气泡音在练声前发可以起到活动开声带的作用，在练声后发能起到保健按摩的作用。在练声前后常做此练习可以有效的提高发声的效率。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2iwcKiamcuaUuEcYidOqZg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日常注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsMiQwAkemuwGIzslzBHIxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、根据自身的嗓音条件，扬长避短、量力而行、循序渐进、持之以恒。一般来说，只要方法科学，练习得法，好嗓子是可以练出来的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSqk8sOOWCIwGeu7H94kU2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、增强体育锻炼。发音器官健康与否，很大程度上取决于身体的健康状况。对于播音员主持人以及其他学习者来说，适当的增强耐力性的体育锻炼，例如跑步等等，能有效地提高我们呼吸肌肉群对于气息的控制力，从而大大提高发声的效率。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA8G6yOGkKkuU08Pf2H93ab"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、睡眠要充足，睡眠不足会引起声带充血、喉肌疲劳，致使声音黯淡嘶哑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYKCcIUECQk64Yzt4TcZjNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、养成良好的生活习惯、饮食习惯。要避免烟酒刺激，抽烟会使声带粘膜干燥、充血、肥厚，使喉下分泌物增多，从而引起声音变低、音色昏暗沙哑等等。饮酒除了辛辣对喉部的直接刺激以外，还会使大脑以及发声器官功能失调。进行嗓音工作前半小时最好不要吃油腻的食品，否则容易造成嗓子不清爽、发粘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnceyYg8WImagEiQDpk7KVTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、女生例假期间，不要高声练习，最好少用嗓，因为这期间往往伴随声带充血、水肿，如果高声练习，容易产生声带小结。这时可以做些无声练习，例如唇舌力量、口腔开合度以及气息训练等等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnucaUEWw0MEQ802GlHtrhBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、剧烈运动后不宜喝冷饮。人在运动时，声带处于发热充血状态。这时如果喝冷饮，声带遇冷会不正常收缩，长此以往，容易引起声带的病变。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2QEeC2OYM4QY2bhv5sSWOe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"总之，好的嗓子是按照科学的方法，经过严格的训练得来的。使用与保护是同时进行的，切不可盲目使用而不去保护，长此以往，声音变坏，甚至患严重喉疾病，被迫离开播音主持岗位，就很可惜了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGScA8Wg2gmWigHkruj9avb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1066,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"日常注意事项","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/417a824210f5470a8eebea8a55b3cb68","width":1600},"text":"","id":"doxcn2kUw6eueQC68I24xcZ0G7W"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"心理素质的培养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA8KKYaMaSW6wIHudLgGBGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、播音主持人在紧张的压力下会出现一系列相应的系统变化，如声带绷紧导致声音变高、变窄、声音抖动，呼吸急促导致气浅气浮；身体姿势和动作会发生变化，协作变得不自然，笨拙甚至僵硬；思维也会变得混乱等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng2qQoMe4GGY6SswMx3sAkg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、良好的心理素质是播音主持人需要具备的职业素养之一。在播音前，首先要克服紧张的情绪。紧张的情绪很多时候是自信心不足造成的，要增强自信心就需要播音主持人对节目的全过程有总体的把握，同时对可能出现的问题要考虑周全，设定出应对措施。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuS8e8aK2eSwGGIdRu6wtod"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、在发声时，让声音准确、清晰、流畅，富于表现力和感染力的前提是优秀的心理素质。充足的自信心可以鼓舞士气，使身心处于亢奋状态，促使大脑的积极思考，反应敏捷。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc626Ua0EIcgYO8qiZLYdth"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":426,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"心理素质的培养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4d2b422bfd7445e59c8985a4a64fdb29","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnAAwA8AQ42KYyWgr34bOgJe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKiQMkeQOkWceyGi5XApjQg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习途径","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqua86icuA2s2kVfK6IDbmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"大学","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkiuA4SCMoWGsI3tYmISnxg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在播音领域排名第一的是中国传媒大学，其次是浙江传媒大学，如果有志于学习播音的同学，可以以上面两所学校，作为自己的目标。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaEuik4wyqGaIKCZ3Vuzxzh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"校外的实体学校","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC8GKYMEwk6GQiyGM5uIg0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"因为播音方面的学习，不像英语班或者学生学习的补习班那样的普及，这方面的学校一个省也就那么几个吧，不是太多的，非常的稀少，而这方面的市场需求又很大，所以这一块学习的相关支出是非常大的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKioK2Ke8AeEiO6tTzZDmkf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"自学","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneiOm6MGICaYYmnoe3SkoXL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"自学播音主持是可以的，但是比较难，需要找对方法并认真学习。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK8AqcGqO8IQiuO8yV5upub"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":796,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"自学","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/20a9c7ad5a0e471999ca9fac7208ce62","width":1440},"text":"","id":"doxcnSWKe02wOM2sUAnSyAd0rAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6A28aK44S2omATsGA3HFjd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E